The invention discloses a cap type air purification device. The cap type air purification device comprises an air purification layer, an air supply power mechanism, a flow guiding enclosure assembly and a functional cap, wherein the air purification layer is composed of a multi-effect filter net and a harmful gas adsorption layer, and the air purification layer, the air supply power mechanism and the flow guiding enclosure assembly are integrally integrated on the functional cap. The air purification layer is fixed to the top and/or the surrounding position of the functional cap in the form of a window. The air supply power mechanism is provided with a mini-type draught fan, a battery and an adjusting switch, the mini-type draught fan and the battery are fixed in a cavity of a cap cover or the battery is externally hung on the arm or around the waist. The flow guiding enclosure assembly is provided with a flow guiding chamber, an eyebrow front observation window, a neck protecting flow guiding cover and a cap skirt. The cap type air purification device can effectively filter PM2.5 and harmful gases and is simple in structure and small and exquisite in size, the attractiveness, the dynamic sense and the modern sense of outdoor wearing products are improved, the situations of difficult breathing and discomfort due to wearing of a mask outdoors are avoided, and the using cost is low.