157 results about "Fracture face" patented technology

The present invention relates to stabilizing surfaces within a subterranean formation using particulates coated with a consolidating liquid. One embodiment of the present invention provides a method of fracturing a subterranean formation, comprising providing a fracturing fluid comprising proppant particulates at least partially coated with a hardenable resin composition that comprises a hardenable resin component and a hardening agent component, wherein the hardenable resin component comprises a hardenable resin and wherein the hardening agent component comprises a hardening agent, a silane coupling agent, and a surfactant; introducing the fracturing fluid into at least one fracture within the subterranean formation; depositing at least a portion of the proppant particulates in the fracture; allowing at least a portion of the proppant particulates in the fracture to form a proppant pack; and, allowing at least a portion of the hardenable resin composition to migrate from the proppant particulates to a fracture face.

A method for fracturing a subterranean formation is provided in which inert masking material particles are injected into the formation with a dissolution agent so that the masking material inhibits dissolution where it contacts a portion of one or both fracture faces. The undissolved regions provide support to keep the fracture open after the treatment and the dissolved regions provide a conductive pathway for flow of fluid to or from the wellbore.

A method is given for treating a wellbore in a subterranean formation by hydraulic fracturing, slickwater fracturing, gravel packing, and the like, by using plate-like materials as some or all of the proppant or gravel. The plate-like materials are particularly useful in complex fracture systems, for example in shales. They may be used as from about 20 to about 100% of the proppant. Relative to conventional proppants, plate-like proppants demonstrate (a) enhanced crush resistance of the proppant due to better stress distribution among proppant particles, (b) diminished proppant embedment into formation fracture faces due to the greater contact surface area of proppant particles with the formation, (c) better proppant transport due to lower proppant settling rates, (d) deeper penetration into branched and fine fracture networks, and (e) enhanced proppant flowback control. Preferred plate-like proppants are layered rocks and minerals; most preferred is mica.

The invention relates to the field of tunnel smooth blasting, in particular to a tunnel smooth blasting method. The effect of the method in a small cross-section tunnel is particularly outstanding. The method includes the steps: firstly, selecting smooth blasting parameters; secondly, determining a slotting mode and finishing slotting; thirdly, installing explosive and performing blasting. Smooth blasting holes are formed along a tunnel face boundary, inner ring holes are formed in the inner sides of the smooth blasting holes, the distance between each inner ring hole and the corresponding smooth blasting hole is equal to the thickness of a smooth blasting layer, combination of the first step and the second step includes a first mode, slotting thickness is 2.8m in the first step, slotting is performed in an inclined hole slotting mode in the second step, slotting holes are vertically and symmetrically formed in two sides of a symmetrical center line of a tunnel face, auxiliary holes are formed in a semicircular portion of the tunnel face in an arc-shaped mode, midpoints of the auxiliary holes are positioned on the symmetrical center line of the tunnel face, and auxiliary holes are further formed among the slotting holes and the inner ring holes. The tunnel smooth blasting method is high in half hole rate, controllable in footage and less in explosive consumption.

A method of controlling leak-off and reducing the concentration of polymers (and/or other materials) in filter cakes formed when oilfield treatment fluids flow through subterranean formation faces involves adding large plate-like degradable and/or non-degradable, particles to polymer or VES-viscosified oilfield treatment fluids, at concentrations of such particles that are less than that required to cover the contacted formation face with a monolayer of such particles. When these large plate-like degradable and/or non-degradable particles are included in the fluid, polymer concentrates to form filter cake only in regions on the formation face (for example fracture faces) not shielded by the large plate-like particles, and the remaining formation face is not covered by concentrated polymer. As a result, the damage due to concentration of polymer and/or other materials in the filter cake during leak-off is reduced, and subsequent clean-up of the filter cake is easier.

The invention relates to a tailor-welded blank roll bending formation device and a method thereof, belonging to the roll bending formation technology and equipment field. The tailor-welded blank rollbending formation device comprises before-welding upper and lower locating rollers, before-welding left and right locating rollers, after-welding welding device, after-welding left and right locatingrollers, after-welding upper and lower locating rollers and a formation roller bank. By adopting the device, two or more than blanks with different thickness, performance, material and surface coatingare welded together by the before-welding upper and lower locating rollers, the before-welding left and right locating rollers and the welding device, and then carry out roller bending formation through the after-welding left and right locating rollers, after-welding upper and lower locating rollers and the formation roller bank. Compared with the existing punching technology, the device can continuously produce tailor-welded blanks with any cross section in a high-efficiency and high-quality way.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and discloses an upper-blocking and lower-draining construction method for an undersea tunnel fault fracture zone. The method comprises the following steps of: rapidly grouting the upper half section of a tunnel for reinforcing, forming inspection holes according to 3-5 percent of number of grouting holes, drilling drainage inspection holes on the lower half section of the tunnel, and excavating and supporting on the upper half section of the tunnel when the maximum water inflow of a single inspection hole is lower than a predetermined standard; and rapidly excavating on the lower half section of the tunnel, and enclosing the initial support of the tunnel into a ring in time to safely and smoothly pass through the fault fracture zone and ensure that the tunnel is free from leakage basically. The construction method is suitable for an undersea tunnel fault fracture zone or a broken rock stratum developed from a water-rich crack; and construction is performed in an enclosed structure, so that the safety of tunnel excavation construction is ensured, the work amount of drilling, grouting, reinforcing and blocking water is reduced, and the requirement of drainage prevention is met. The construction method has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low cost and contributes to saving investment and time for successful building of the tunnel.

The invention provides a fracturing fluid rheological proppant transport simulation method and a stepless adjustable fracture width test device. The device comprises a transparent observation window, a back panel, a screw rod and a wedge-shaped sliding block, wherein input holes are longitudinally formed in the input side of the back panel and output holes are longitudinally formed in the output side of the back panel; and an observation cavity is communicated with a material supply device through a first multi-pass pipe arranged on the input side and a second multi-pass pipe arranged on the output side. According to the method and the device, the simulation of a large-section crack is realized through the movable sliding block, the change of the crack can be subjected to stepless regulation, the liquid-solid flow state change in the crack in a fracturing environment can be effectively simulated, and more direct reference data is provided for fracturing fluid formula optimization and proppant selection, so that a fracturing fluid and a proppant can be optimized; and for the flow change of coal bed gas and shale gas fracturing fluids in the crack and the sanding effect monitoring, measurement data can reflect a fracture forming effect of the fracturing fluid and a coal bed gas and shale gas fracturing process is optimized.

A method for determining grid cell size in geomechanical modeling of fractured reservoirs including a variation range of mechanical parameters of the reservoir is determined. A three-dimensional fracture discrete network model is established. Mechanical parameters of fracture surface are determined on the basis of fracture surface mechanical test. Equivalent mechanical parameters of models with different sizes are researched by three-cycle method, and size effect and the anisotropy of the mechanical parameters of the fractured reservoir are calculated respectively, and an optimal grid cell size in geomechanical modeling is determined.

Methods for sealing undesirable transverse fractures enlarged and/or created during lithological displacement of an underground water-soluble evaporite stratum by hydraulic pressure greater than overburden pressure at an evaporite/non-evaporite strata interface, comprising injecting and maintaining a sealing agent into these undesirable fractures to form a solidified matter in situ and ultimately seal them, while forming a main free surface at the interface suitable for initiating solution mining of the evaporite stratum. The solidified matter may be crystallized, precipitated, compacted, agglomerated, cross-linked, coagulated, water-swollen, and/or cemented matter, or may include a wall-building matter with the mineral on fracture faces. The sealing agent may comprise at least one component of the mineral and/or the non-evaporite. The evaporite stratum is preferably a trona stratum overlying an oil shale stratum. The sealing agent may comprise dissolved and/or solid trona, trona tailings particles, and/or water-swelling particles.

The invention discloses a medium-hard rock deep-hole cut blasting method, which relates to the field of shaft and drift cut blasting and can reduce the affection of blasting noise and vibration on surrounding environments. The method includes the following steps: a special drilling machine is used for drilling a big central hole at the center of the section of a roadway; cut holes are arranged around the central hole for rock breaking; supplementary holes and surrounding holes are then sequentially outwardly arranged around the cut holes with the central hole as a center; charges are loaded into the cut holes, the supplementary holes and the surrounding holes; blasting is carried out according to a cut hole-supplementary hole-surrounding hole blasting sequence, and thereby one-step blast excavation is realized. The medium-hard rock deep-hole cut blasting method is applicable to medium-hard rock deep-hole cut blasting in underground roadways.

Methods of hydraulically fracturing subterranean coal seams and formations resulting in improved permeability to stimulate Coalbed Methane. In one method, the coal seam is fractured using a proppant-containing fracturing fluid in alternating stages with an aqueous base solution that etches the fracture faces of the coal thereby creating channels for fluid flow. In another method, the coal seam is fractured using a fracturing fluid without propping agents in alternating stages with an aqueous oxidizing solution that is pumped at a pressure sufficient to maintain the fractures in an open position thereby etching the fracture faces to create channels for fluid flow. In yet another embodiment, the aqueous oxidizing agent solution is pumped into the formation at a pressure sufficient to create fractures therein and simultaneously etch the faces of the open fractures to thereby form channels in the faces for increased fluid flow.

The invention relates to an ultrasonic testing method for steel pipe void, which comprises the following steps of: confirming a tested fracture surface of each steel pipe and arranging a plurality of survey lines on the surface of each steel pipe in a uniform distribution way; knocking each survey line on each fracture surface of arch ribs by a small hammer, preliminarily judging the compaction rate of concretes inside the steel pipe according to the knock, and recording judging results; measuring diameters of the survey lines on each fracture surface by using a tooling scale and recording; coating a coupling agent on the surface of each steel pipe, detecting each survey line by using an ultrasonic detector, and recording parameters of sound time, sound velocity, amplitude and wave form which are displayed in the detector; analyzing and calculating the recorded multi-group data to obtain the uniformity state of the concretes inside the steel pipes; if the uniformity state is favorable, then carrying out a quantitative calculation on inner pipe defects, and working out an inner pipe defect value of each fracture surface through a sound time value detected by the ultrasonic detector; and if the uniformity state is unfavorable, then obtaining a detection conclusion.

Provided is a method for measuring the flow vector of seepage liquid. The method includes the following steps that 1, rock is selected; 2, observation points are selected; 3, pigment is arranged on the observation points; 4, a transparent opposite face model of a rock fracture face is made; 5, the transparent opposite face model is arranged on the rock fracture face; 6, transparent sulfuric acid grid paper is placed on the upper surface of the transparent opposite face model; 7, a camera device is installed; 8, water injection is performed till seepage occurs; 9, multiple flow path lines with colors appear; 10, flow conditions are recorded; 11, a shot image is analyzed, the seepage speed of any point at the minimum time difference is calculated, and then the seepage vector of any point of the fracture face at any micro time period is measured. By means of the method for measuring the flow vector of the seepage liquid, the problem that it is impossible to trace the seepage direction of any point and calculate the seepage speed can be solved, the instant flow speed of liquid at any point in a fracture joint face can be measured, and measurement precision is high.

The invention belongs to the field of three-dimensional medical image processing and in particular relates to a computer-assisted fracture restitution degree measurement method. The computer-assisted fracture restitution degree measurement method comprises the following steps: scanning a fracture part by using medical imaging equipment, acquiring a medical image, and carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the fracture part, so that a surface model of a broken bone is obtained; and manually selecting a characteristic point on a fracture face of the reconstructed model, namely taking one broken bone as a target bone, setting the broken bone to be fixed and immobile, manually selecting n points with obvious characteristics on the fracture face of the target bone as a target characteristic point set, and similarly selecting n characteristic points in one-to-one correspondence with the target characteristic point set on the fracture face of an another broken bone as a source characteristic point set. The computer-assisted fracture restitution degree measurement method has the advantages that estimation of the best fracture setting position before an operation is realized, and the best fracture setting distance is calculated; real-time calculation and display of the distance between the two broken bones in a fracture restitution operation are realized; and a restitution operation course is accurately monitored, and a digital restitution progress enables a doctor to be clear at a glance on an operation course.

The invention discloses a double-side wedge-shaped cutting, tunneling and detonating method of an especially-big fracture surface tunnel. The to-be-excavated especially-big fracture surface tunnel is divided into an upper step and a lower step to be constructed; as for a to-be-excavated rock mass of the upper step of the tunnel, the double-side wedge-shaped cutting and subsection millisecond delay detonating method is used for excavation; according to double-side wedge-shaped cutting, double-side cutting zones are symmetrically distributed at the lower middle portions of the two sides of a face center line of the upper step, the cutting zones are vertical columnar zones with the plane shapes being wedge shapes, and groove cavities formed by cutting and detonating can provide sufficient smashing expansion space for detonating of various types of shot holes; and according to subsection millisecond delay, millisecond delay detonating is carried out at the positions between rows, detonating of various types of shot holes is carried out, the using rate of various types of shot holes is effectively improved, and the design footage is guaranteed.

The invention relates to composite acidizing and fracturing liquid and a preparation method thereof. The fracturing liquid disclosed by the invention is prepared through adding thickened acidizing fluid and additives based on water-based fracturing base liquid and foamed fracturing base liquid and crosslinking by a crosslinker, wherein the water-based fracturing base liquid comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, chromium sulfate and polyacrylamide; the foamed fracturing base liquid comprises urea and a surfactant; the additives comprise a clay stabilizer, a microbicide and a discharge aiding agent; the thickened acidizing fluid is 12% hydrochloric acid, and a mixed solution of polyacrylamide and konjac glucomannan is added into the thickened acidizing fluid, so that the viscosity of the acidizing fluid is improved, the fracture face diffusion capacity of the acidizing fluid is lowered, and meanwhile, a colloidal reticular structure is formed to prevent hydrogen ions from moving, thus a retarding effect is exerted; in addition, the acidizing and fracturing liquid further comprises the crosslinker and the balance of water. The composite acidizing and fracturing liquid has the characteristics of relatively good high-temperature resistance and shear resistance and low damage.

The invention discloses a mechanical matched construction method for full fracture surfaces and micro steps of IV and V stage weak surrounding rocks of a tunnel and relates to the field of tunnel construction. The method mainly solves the problem that the construction efficiency is low as full fracture surface excavation and step process excavation are adopted in current tunnel construction. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out advanced geological forecast; carrying out construction on an advanced support by using a middle pipe shed, positioning and drilling by using a three-arm drill jambo, drilling the V stage surrounding rock or a section with relatively complex geology by adopting a pipe-following operation, and grouting the pipe shed by using a grouting machine; adopting a full fracture surface method to excavate a hard rock segment of IV stage surrounding rock; adopting a micro step process to excavate soft rock of the IV stage surrounding rock and the sectionof the V stage surrounding rock; grabbing an arch frame by using a clamping structure of an arch frame assembling machine and lifting and positioning the arch frame to a designed position, carrying out system anchor rod and locking tremie construction by using an anchor rod trolley, injecting concrete to construct by using a wet spraying manipulator, and adopting a mobile inverted arch trestle for construction of an trestle and trestle filling; and pouring a secondary lining by using an integral hydraulic lining trolley. The method has the advantage that the construction speed can be increased.

The invention discloses a heavy rail abdominal cavity parameterization tolerance judging method and relates to the field of steel rolling. The heavy rail abdominal cavity parameterization tolerance judging method solves the problem that an existing judging method cannot be used for accurately judging heavy rail scanning fracture surface outline abdominal cavity parameters. The heavy rail abdominal cavity parameterization tolerance judging method comprises the steps that datum points are determined, scanning points on a lower jaw oblique line of a heavy rail scanning fracture surface outline rail head and scanning points on an upper oblique line of a rail leg are rotated and corrected, a linear equation of the lower jaw oblique line of a heavy rail standard fracture surface outline rail head is established, the corresponding scanning points are substituted into the linear equation to be calculated, a standard linear equation of the upper oblique line of a heavy rail standard fracture surface outline rail leg is established, the corresponding scanning points are substituted into the standard linear equation to be calculated, and lastly heavy rail scanning fracture surface outline abdominal cavity parameterization tolerance judging is carried out through comprehensive comparison. According to the method, errors are small, the judging result is close to a sample plate measuring result, and an effective basis is provided for rolling adjusting and lower steel rail line judging; moreover, the method can be achieved through a computer program, so the automation degree of heavy rail detecting can be improved, the manual measuring proportion is lowered, and the rhythm of production is improved.