The invention relates to an underground friction and resistance reducing tool and method based on mechanical decoupling, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas resource drilling tools. The invention discloses an underground friction reduction and resistance reduction tool and method based on mechanical decoupling. The underground friction reduction and resistance reduction tool comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a lower connector and a drilling fluid return pipe. An unloading connecting assembly I, a torque axial reversing assembly and an unloading connecting assembly II are sequentially arranged in the lower shell. A transfer positioning device I, a power input device, a torque increasing device I, a transfer positioning device II, a power separation device I, a torque increasing device II, a transfer positioning device III, a power separation device II, a torque increasing device III, a transmission shaft I and a transmission shaft II are sequentially arranged in the upper shell. The working torque of the downhole friction and resistance reducing tool is controlled by directly adjusting the drilling speed of a drill column through ground operators, so that sliding guide drilling under the condition that the drill column rotates is achieved, and the technical problems that the friction resistance of the drill column is high, backing pressure is serious, the mechanical drilling speed is low, and a horizontal section is difficult to extend are solved.