The invention discloses a low-illumination scene intelligent road monitoring rapid defogging method and device and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: S1, designing a dark primary color adjustment model based on light intensity and color concentration through employing an HSI color space, and calibrating a dark primary color; s2, introducing a local luminous flux proportion of the scene, and calculating local ambient light; s3, calculating the transmittance of the monitoring scene according to S1 and S2; and S4, in combination with the transmissivity and the local ambient light, parallel computing is designed, and a road traffic monitoring scene is restored. According to the method, the accuracy of the transmissivity is improved by calibrating the dark primary color; by introducing the luminous flux proportion, the ambient light of the monitored scene is restrained, and the brightness of the restored scene is improved. In addition, due to the fact that the method is low in calculation complexity and high in parallelization degree, efficient and rapid defogging of the monitoring scene can be achieved. Therefore, a technical guarantee is provided for the intelligent road monitoring system to obtain real-time road conditions and implement intelligent monitoring in a low-illumination foggy environment.