156 results about "Corrosion potential" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of corrosion and protection simulation analysis, and particularly relates to a multi-physics coupling corrosion simulation method for a metal material in a seawater environment, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out stress and deformation calculation on a structure, and then, carrying out analysis fitting on a polarization test result of the material according to the electrochemical corrosion condition of the structure in seawater, so as to obtain a simulation result; and finally, according to the mutual influence effect between stress and electrochemistry, establishing a coupling path, realizing multi-physics coupling simulation, and quickly calculating to obtain the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density on the surface of the structure and the corrosion rates at different positions, thereby determining the most sensitive position of corrosion. By establishing an independent simulation boundary module database, rapid calling and reading of simulation boundary parameters are achieved, rapid iterative calculation of long-period corrosion evolution is achieved, corrosion evaluation efficiency is greatly improved, and the problems that in the equipment service process, seawater corrosion prediction precision is low, and the test period is long are effectively solved.

The invention provides a synchronous electrochemical test and hydrogen evolution test experimental device and method, and belongs to the field of metal corrosion research. The experimental device provided by the invention comprises a hydrogen evolution test module, an electrochemical test module and a control system module, and the control system module controls the hydrogen evolution test module and the electrochemical test module to work through circuit connection. By combining the hydrogen evolution test and the electrochemical test, the automatic accurate measurement of the hydrogen evolution amount in the metal corrosion process can be realized, the measurement of the corrosion rate, the corrosion potential and the charge transfer amount in the oxidation-reduction reaction can also be realized, and the problems of poor sustainability and low precision of the traditional hydrogen evolution test method are avoided; the hydrogen evolution test data and the electrochemical test data are automatically obtained while one-time sample preparation is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of surface engineering protective coatings, and discloses a nitrogen heterocyclic compound modified corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps that firstly, a magnetron sputtering technology is adopted, a CoCrFeMnNi target serves as a cathode target material, and a corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy coating is obtained through deposition on the surface of a base body; and then, in a three-electrode system, the corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy coating is placed in an electrolyte containing a nitrogen heterocyclic onium salt compound to be subjected to electro-deposition, and the nitrogen heterocyclic compound modified corrosion-resistant high-entropy alloy coating is prepared. The corrosion-resistant inorganic-organic hybrid coating prepared by the invention has excellent corrosion resistance, can keep high stability and durability in a complex corrosion environment, and has relatively high corrosion potential and relatively low corrosion current density. The coating can remarkably prolong the service life of a structural base material, is suitable for various harsh working conditions, and provides an efficient and reliable protection solution for industrial application.

The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power safety protection, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring and evaluating the corrosion state of a grounding grid. The method comprises the steps of: acquiring a soil environment pH value of a grounding grid region; acquiring a soil Cl ion concentration of the grounding grid region; acquiring a corrosion potential of the grounding grid region; acquiring a corrosion rate of the grounding grid region; and on the basis of a soil resistivity, the soil environment pH value, the soil Cl ion concentration, the corrosion potential and the corrosion rate, determining the corrosion state of a grounding grid. Thus, by means of introducing determination parameters of a soil resistivity, a soil environment pH value and a soil Cl ion concentration, the corrosion state of a grounding grid can be more accurately determined and evaluated, such that the operational safety and service life of a substation grounding grid are more effectively evaluated, thereby providing technical support for electric power operation and maintenance personnel to take more scientific and rational maintenance measures.

The invention provides an anodic oxidation passivation method of a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet zinc coating, which comprises the following steps of: performing electrochemical anodic oxidation by taking a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet with a zinc coating on the surface as an anode, a Pt sheet as a cathode and a passivation solution as an electrolyte, forming a passivation layer on the surface of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet with the zinc coating on the surface, and cleaning and drying to obtain the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet with the zinc coating on the surface. A chromium-free passivation film is formed on the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet zinc coating, and passivation of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet zinc coating is completed; the passivation solution is prepared from 10 g / L to 20 g / L of molybdate, 10 g / L to 15 g / L of ammonium fluozirconate, 1 g / L to 10 g / L of etidronic acid, 1 g / L to 10 g / L of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 g / L to 10 g / L of nitric acid, 1 g / L to 10 g / L of phosphoric acid and the balance distilled water. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a complete, uniform and compact passivation film is formed on the surface of the zinc coating after passivation, the corrosion potential is improved while the corrosion current is effectively reduced, and the time for generating a rust spot in a salt spray test exceeds 72 hours.

The utility model provides an electronic device which comprises a first structural member and a second structural member, the first structural member comprises a first metal matrix, the second structural member comprises a second metal matrix and a decoration layer arranged on one side of the second metal matrix, and the first metal matrix is electrically connected with the second metal matrix. The corrosion potential of the first metal matrix is lower than that of the second metal matrix; an insulating layer is further arranged on the side, away from the second metal base body, of the decorative layer, the insulating layer is a transparent or semitransparent layer, and the impedance of the insulating layer is larger than or equal to 2000 ohms. The insulating layer is arranged on the decorative layer on the second metal matrix with high corrosion potential, so that a potential difference caused by a closed loop formed between the metal matrixes with different chemical activities can be prevented in a sweat environment or a salt mist environment, and the probability of electrocorrosion of the first metal matrix with low corrosion potential is further reduced; and the long-term use requirement of the electronic equipment is well met.

The invention discloses an iron-based amorphous alloy suitable for a marine environment and a method for preparing a coating based on the iron-based amorphous alloy. The chemical formula of the iron-based amorphous alloy is Fe < 35 > Ni < 20-x > Cr < 20 > Mo < 5 > B < 4 > C < 4 > P < 12 > Ce < x >, wherein the value of x ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. On the basis of the iron-based amorphous alloy, a coating formed by adopting a high velocity oxy-fuel spraying mode not only has good seawater corrosion resistance, but also has good microbial corrosion resistance; after the coating is soaked in a culture medium solution inoculated with pseudomonas aeruginosa for 14 days, the self-corrosion potential is-314 mV, the self-corrosion current density is 5.9 [mu] A cm <-2 >, the passivation interval exceeds 1200 mV, and the passivation current density is 5.1 [mu] A cm <-2 >.

The invention provides a method for evaluating the corrosion behavior of a small hole of an anticorrosive coating under the action of current. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring corrosion kinetic parameters of a metal material; (2) constructing a parameterized multi-physical field model; (3) simulating a corrosion evolution process; (4) verifying the reliability of the model through experiments; and (5) constructing a comprehensive evaluation index. Obtaining corrosion kinetic parameters (corrosion potential, corrosion current density, Tafel slope and exchange current density) of the metal material through a potentiodynamic polarization curve test; the method comprises the following steps: preparing an anticorrosive coating metal sample with artificial pores, constructing a parameterized multi-physical field model by combining finite element software, and simulating local current density distribution and corrosion evolution under different pore diameters (greater than or equal to 2 mm), spacing (greater than or equal to 0 mm) and current density (greater than or equal to 0 A / m < 2 >); the reliability (corrosion potential error lt, 20%) of the model is verified through experiments, a comprehensive evaluation index is constructed based on multi-parameter sensitivity analysis, and rapid evaluation of the corrosion risk of the small hole of the anticorrosive coating and protection scheme optimization are achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of material testing, and discloses a material stress and micro-electrochemical in-situ corrosion potential testing device and a material stress and micro-electrochemical in-situ corrosion potential testing method. The invention provides an experimental device capable of simulating different stresses and actual test conditions and accurately evaluating the micro-area stress corrosion behavior of a material, and the stress corrosion and micro-area corrosion potential change rules of the material under different stress and electrochemical coupling effects are visually measured in situ. And a technical support is provided for revealing a stress corrosion mechanism in a metal material service environment. Meanwhile, different sample test requirements of a plurality of material product production lines are considered, high-accuracy and high-flexibility adjustment of multiple test conditions is realized, and by planning a scientific and reasonable sample test distribution strategy, the test frequency requirement of parallel task test of the multiple material product production lines and the test device switching target are met, and the test efficiency is improved. The efficiency and operation reliability of the test system are improved.

The invention relates to an L450 grade pipeline steel hot-rolled plate coil for ground gathering and transportation and a production method thereof. The chemical composition of the steel is C: 0.061%-0.070%, Si: 0.15%-0.25%, Mn: 0.39%-0.48%, P≤0.012%, S: 0.0028%-0.003%, Als: 0.030%-0.045%, Nb: 0.032%-0.038%, Ti: 0.020%-0.023%, Cu: 0.34%-0.42%, Cr: 0.32%-0.39%, N≤0.004%, and the remainder is iron and impurities. The yield strength of the hot-rolled coil product is 465-478 MPa, the tensile strength is 572-588 MPa, the elongation after fracture is ≥36.5%; the Charpy impact energy Akv at -40°C is ≥308 J; the corrosion rate is 0.0234-0.0270 mm / a, the corrosion potential is ≥-0.452 V, and the corrosion current density is ≤1.06×10 ‑5 A.cm ‑2 .

The present invention discloses a highly corrosion-resistant and highly conductive palladium-plated / gold-plated palladium-copper bonding wire and a production process thereof, and relates to the technical field of bonding wires. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of the bonding wire, the present invention improves the bonding wire by modifying the core material and preparing a composite coating. The present invention first improves the core layer, and by adding graphene to the core layer, the corrosion potential of the core material is greatly improved, and the copper core has good heat dissipation performance and high-temperature electrical conductivity, thereby avoiding heat accumulation and temperature rise in the bonding wire. On this basis, the present invention also improves the coating, and by reducing the metal ion concentration in the plating solution, adding a hole-filling agent, and performing pulse current electroplating, the surface morphology of the electroplated coating is improved, and by annealing, a diffusion layer is formed between the graphene copper alloy core and different electroplated layers, thereby improving the mutual bonding strength and improving the performance of the bonding wire.

The invention discloses a gradient polyaniline bionic anti-corrosion coating and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of metal surface anti-corrosion materials. A polyaniline composite system with a gradient conductive function is constructed by simulating the space electron transfer characteristic of a sulfur reducing bacteria biological membrane; comprising a low-oxidation-state polyaniline conducting layer, a semi-oxidation-state polyaniline transition layer and a high-oxidation-state polyaniline semiconductor layer which are arranged on the bottom layer, a continuous potential gradient is formed between the layers through oxidation degree differences, and a micro electric field opposite to a natural corrosion potential direction is generated on a metal matrix and a coating interface in an induced mode. A micro electric field formed by the conductive gradient of the coating effectively inhibits spontaneous migration of corrosion electrons, surface oxidation-state components compensate local potential difference through reversible oxidation-reduction reaction, and a bottom high-conductivity layer accelerates charge dissipation in the anode polarization process. The gradient polyaniline coating disclosed by the invention shows double protection effects of cathode protection and physical barrier on a metal substrate in hydrogen sulfide corrosion environments such as oil and gas conveying pipelines and ocean platforms.

The four-layer aluminum alloy plate with the corrosion potential gradient layered distribution comprises a first skin layer, a middle layer, a core layer and a second skin layer which are sequentially stacked, and the first skin layer and the second skin layer are made of 4-series aluminum alloy; the alloy composition of the middle layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 1 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Fe, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of Cu, 1.2 to 2 percent of Mn, 2 to 3 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Ti and the balance of aluminum; and the alloy composition of the core layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 1 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Fe, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.2 to 1 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Ti and the balance of aluminum. The preparation method comprises the steps of stacking alloy blocks and then carrying out hot rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling and finished product annealing, and the application of the alloy is that vacuum brazing is carried out at the temperature of 580-620 DEG C. According to the four-layer aluminum alloy plate, the mechanical property is improved, and meanwhile the corrosion resistance is achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant copper alloy wire. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing composite powder; (2) preparing pretreatment powder; (3) sensitization treatment and activation are carried out, surface chemical copper plating is carried out on the activated powder, and copper plating powder is obtained; (4) weighing copper powder, nickel powder, silicon powder and copper-plated powder, heating and melting, adding the copper-plated powder into the melt, casting and molding, heating to eliminate stress, cooling, and drawing into a copper alloy wire by using a wire drawing machine; and the copper alloy wire is subjected to heat preservation for 30 min at the temperature of 220 DEG C, then the temperature is increased to 300 DEG C, heat preservation aging is conducted for 3 h, furnace cooling is conducted to 200 DEG C or below after heat preservation is completed, then the copper alloy wire is taken out and subjected to air cooling to the normal temperature, and the high-strength corrosion-resistant copper alloy wire is obtained. The copper alloy casting prepared through the method has high tensile strength, and the prepared copper alloy wire is high in self-corrosion potential and shows good strength and corrosion resistance.

To provide a plant reliability evaluation system capable of improving the reliability of equipment including not only conventional equipment but also large structures such as structural materials and weld lines. by simultaneously utilizing in-service inspections and operating parameters of nuclear facilities in a plant.SOLUTION: A plant reliability evaluation system S comprises: a corrosion potential sensor 4; a first water quality measuring unit; a dose rate monitor; a detection unit 511 for taking these pieces of measurement data as environment information of a plant during operation; a storage unit for storing a material composition forming a nuclear reactor, deterioration data of the material, and inspection results; a soundness monitoring unit 514 for always monitoring soundness of equipment forming the plant, on the basis of environment information of the plant during operation, the environment information not being taken in reliability evaluation of equipment regulated by the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations in the United States; and a life cycle management unit 516 for planning a repair plan for the plant on the basis of the soundness evaluation result, and performing life cycle management.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

The invention provides an electrochemical selective extraction process and device, and relates to the technical field of material extraction in the nuclear fuel circulation process, and the electrochemical selective extraction process comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out corrosion potential tests on an uncontaminated stainless steel sample and a stainless steel sample contaminated with nuclide; obtaining the corrosion potential a of the uncontaminated sample relative to the cathode and the corrosion potential b of the contaminated nuclide sample relative to the cathode; putting a to-be-treated metal workpiece of which the surface is adhered with a pollutant material into an anode basket of an electrochemical extraction device, and connecting the anode basket to an anode of a direct-current power supply or a potentiostat; mixing nitric acid, sodium nitrate, a corrosion inhibitor and a slow release agent to prepare an electrolyte; a cathode basket of the extraction device is connected with a negative electrode of a direct-current power supply or a potentiostat, an anode basket is nested in the cathode basket, and the anode basket and the cathode basket are jointly immersed in electrolyte for extraction. According to the method, pollutants adhering to the irregular metal surface are effectively removed and recycled, the extraction rate of contaminated metal nuclides reaches 99% or above, and the introduction amount of matrix elements is lower than 3500 ppm / g matrix.

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a method for detecting inorganic phosphate ions. In the method, the concentration of the inorganic phosphate ions in the to-be-detected liquid is calculated according to the instantaneous corrosion potential of the iron electrode, the second-level response of inorganic phosphate ion detection can be realized, and the method has the characteristics of rapid detection and real-time online monitoring. According to the method, disordered spontaneous corrosion is not passively observed, but an ideal reaction interface is actively and periodically constructed, and an uncontrollable corrosion process is converted into a stable and reliable analysis signal.

The invention relates to a method for the radioactive decontamination of the internal face of the metal wall of an item of fluid-circulating equipment in a nuclear facility, the wall being made of a metal alloy and the internal face of this wall being covered with a surface layer of metal oxides, the method comprising at least one step a) of dissolving the surface layer of metal oxides, followed by a step b) of corroding the internal face of the wall, and being characterised in that: (1) steps a) and b) comprise circulating through the item of equipment a reducing aqueous solution at a temperature of at least 75°C; (2) step a) comprises, simultaneously with circulating the reducing aqueous solution through the item of equipment, biasing the wall to a potential lower than the corrosion potential of the metal alloy in contact with the reducing aqueous solution; and (3) the biasing of the wall is stopped at the end of step a). The invention is intended for use in the nuclear field, in particular for the decommissioning of items of metal equipment as conventional waste or for carrying out thorough decontamination of these items of equipment.

The present invention provides a flexible copper foil substrate comprising: a polyimide base material; the nickel-copper alloy layer is formed on at least one surface of the polyimide base material through chemical plating, the nickel-copper alloy layer at least comprises nickel, copper and phosphorus, the content of the copper is larger than 30 wt% of the nickel-copper alloy layer, the content of the phosphorus is smaller than 5 wt% of the nickel-copper alloy layer, and the thickness of the nickel-copper alloy layer is smaller than 10 micrometers. The corrosion potential of the nickel-copper alloy layer in a 0.02 vol% sulfuric acid solution is greater than-20 mV; and the copper layer is formed on one surface, far away from the polyimide base material, of the nickel-copper alloy layer, and is compounded with the nickel-copper alloy layer to form a metal conductive layer. Moreover, the flexible copper foil substrate has an electrochemical corrosion resistant effect and sufficient peel strength, and is beneficial to manufacturing a flexible circuit board.

According to the wrapper roller service life prediction method based on the single-factor test, the data set and the initial feature pool are constructed by using the existing single-factor measurement data and the wrapper roller service life; a prediction model is constructed by independently measuring single measurement values such as coating thickness, hardness, porosity, bonding strength, friction coefficient, abrasion loss, corrosion potential, current density, elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength and heat conductivity; in the model, obtaining an optimal feature subset to evaluate the performance of the optimal feature subset in the aspect of deriving complexity performance, and further constructing a nonlinear expression among the service life of the wrapper roller, the coating thickness, the hardness, the porosity, the bonding strength, the friction coefficient, the abrasion loss, the corrosion potential, the current density, the elastic modulus, the yield strength, the tensile strength, the heat conductivity and the like; therefore, the service life of the wrapper roller is predicted; the method can quickly predict the service life of the wrapper roller, and can effectively save the experiment cost.

This invention discloses a numerical simulation method for the corrosion rate of high-strength steel under marine stress environments, belonging to the field of corrosion and protection technology. The method includes the following steps: establishing a geometric model for simulation and meshing the model; setting material properties, including corrosion kinetic parameters and basic mechanical property parameters; applying boundary conditions to the geometric model to simulate the actual stress state of the high-strength steel plate; formulating a kinetic expression formula for the electrochemical reaction to describe the electrochemical behavior during corrosion; and performing a corrosion kinetic-mechanical coupling analysis to calculate the distribution of corrosion current, corrosion potential, and local corrosion rate. This invention, by constructing a multiphysics model, can accurately extrapolate and predict the dynamic corrosion rate of high-strength steel under different stresses and environmental parameters. It provides crucial theoretical basis and data support for the design, life assessment, and maintenance decisions of marine engineering structures.

The present invention discloses a method for achieving corrosion resistance treatment on the surface of titanium alloy by means of laminated ironing and electrodeposition. First, the surface of the titanium alloy substrate is subjected to laminated ironing to form a nanocrystalline transition layer on the surface, increasing the dislocation density and introducing appropriate internal stress, effectively enhancing the surface residual stress of the titanium alloy. Then, the surface is polished at low frequency to obtain a reasonable surface roughness and improve the electrochemistry deposition reaction activity. Then, electrochemical deposition surface treatment is carried out. Sodium sulfate, methanol and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are added to the electrochemistry deposition solution to improve the deposition efficiency of the electrochemistry coating. The method of the present invention improves the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy. The electrochemical impedance is increased by two orders of magnitude, the corrosion potential is shifted positively, the corrosion current density is reduced by two orders of magnitude, and the integrity of the electrodeposition coating is improved, reducing the coating defects.

The application provides a kind of anticorrosion performance detection method and system for environmental protection screw, it is related to material corrosion performance test technical field, obtain first acoustic signal and second acoustic signal, in the case where second acoustic signal appears after detecting first acoustic signal, trigger passive film breakage event record once, and after the bare substrate at passive film breakage and corrosion medium reach self-corrosion potential stable state, the self-corrosion potential value between screw substrate and reference electrode is collected;When self-corrosion potential value compared with the reference potential value recorded before passive film breakage event occurs changes to negative direction step and the change amplitude crosses passive-activation transition characteristic potential zone, it is determined that the passive film of the environmental protection screw has been damaged and the anticorrosion performance is unqualified.The application can carry out acoustic and electrochemical multi-parameter fusion determination in environmental protection screw anticorrosion performance detection, to improve the identification accuracy of passive film breakage.

Disclosed herein are recovery-friendly aluminum alloys, methods of making and processing such alloys, and products made from such alloys. More particularly, a recycle-friendly aluminum alloy is disclosed that exhibits good thermal conductivity and corrosion potential characteristics despite being produced from less primary aluminum. The aluminum alloy may be used as a fin blank in industrial applications, including heat exchangers.

The present invention discloses a method and device for optimizing the design and manufacturing of an alloy structure. The method includes: by means of numerical simulation methods, regulating the alloy microstructure, surface free energy parameters, as well as the corrosion environment and stress boundary conditions, calculating the corrosion potential, corrosion current density and charge transfer resistance of the alloy under different conditions; establishing a quantitative relationship between the alloy microstructure, surface free energy and corrosion resistance; according to the target microstructure parameters, constructing an alloy with the target microstructure by 3D printing; using pretreatment conditions and fluoroalkylsilane modification conditions to prepare a superhydrophobic alloy; analyzing the influence rules of 3D printing conditions, pretreatment conditions and fluoroalkylsilane modification conditions on the alloy microstructure, surface free energy and hydrophobicity; optimizing the alloy preparation conditions according to the influence rules. Combining theoretical simulation and experiments, clarify the internal relationship between the construction method of the corrosion-resistant alloy - microstructure, surface free energy - hydrophobicity - corrosion resistance, and improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy structure.

The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant rare earth magnesium-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation raw materials of the rare earth magnesium-based composite material comprise a magnesium base material and reinforced particles, the reinforced particles comprise titanium particles and aluminum coating layers coating the surfaces of the titanium particles, and the mass ratio of the aluminum coating layers to the titanium particles is (5-10): 100; the magnesium base material is an Mg-RE-Zn series alloy; the RE is selected from at least one of Gd and Y; in the magnesium base material, the mass percent of Gd is less than or equal to 11%, and / or the mass percent of Y is less than or equal to 6%. The rare earth magnesium-based composite material disclosed by the invention has corrosion potential and corrosion current which are close to those of a magnesium base material, so that the rare earth magnesium-based composite material can be used in a humid or corrosive environment, has better electric corrosion resistance and has better mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature.

The invention relates to a low-contact-potential-difference high-strength high-corrosion-resistance stainless steel and carbon steel composite reinforcing steel bar and a manufacturing method thereof, the low-contact-potential-difference high-strength high-corrosion-resistance stainless steel and carbon steel composite reinforcing steel bar comprises a carbon steel reinforcing steel bar and a stainless steel layer wrapping the surface of the carbon steel reinforcing steel bar, and the carbon steel reinforcing steel bar comprises, by weight, 0.01%-0.08% of C, 0.05%-0.4% of Si, 0.50%-1.70% of Mn, 0.020%-0.040% of Al, 0.25%-0.8% of Cr, 0.18%-0.6% of Cu, 0.2%-0.8% of Ni, 0.001%-0.02% of Ti and the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities; and the self-corrosion potential difference between the carbon steel reinforcement and the stainless steel layer is less than 0.25 V. The potential difference (smaller than 0.25 V) between the carbon steel reinforcement and the stainless steel layer is reduced, end face galvanic corrosion is greatly reduced, the galvanic corrosion rate of the carbon steel at the end of the composite reinforcement is close to that of common reinforcement, and good corrosion resistance is achieved; and the stainless steel and the carbon steel are effectively compounded in a metallurgical bonding mode, so that the problem of difficult connection is solved.

To provide a flexible copper clad substrate that has electrochemical corrosion resistance and sufficient peel strength.SOLUTION: Provides a flexible copper clad substrate, which includes a polyimide substrate; a nickel-copper alloy layer; and a copper layer. The nickel-copper alloy layer is formed on at least one side of the polyimide substrate by electroless plating and comprises at least nickel, copper and phosphorus. A content of the copper is more than 30 wt.% of the nickel-copper alloy layer, a content of the phosphorus is less than 5 wt.% of the nickel-copper alloy layer, and a corrosion potential of the nickel-copper alloy layer in a 0.02 vol.% sulfuric acid solution is greater than -20 mV. The copper layer is formed on the side of the nickel-copper alloy layer remote from the polyimide substrate and is combined with the nickel-copper alloy layer to form a metal conductive layer. In addition, the flexible copper clad substrate has electrochemical corrosion resistance and sufficient peel strength, facilitating the production of flexible printed circuit boards.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

An oriented electrical steel sheet according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an electrical steel sheet base material, a glass coating layer positioned on the electrical steel sheet base material, and an insulating coating layer positioned on the glass coating layer, a linear deformed part is formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet, and the electrical steel sheet on which the deformed part is formed has a natural corrosion potential value of (-) 350 mv or more.

The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and provides a domestic water full life cycle risk assessment method, which comprises the following steps: collecting water quality parameters at a plurality of monitoring nodes in real time, then carrying out Z-Score standardization and Min-Max normalization, and generating a normalized index vector set; performing weighted accumulation on the risk contribution function of the normalized values of all indexes in the normalized index vector set to obtain a health degree score; performing fusion corrosion potential scoring according to the total iron normalized value and the PH normalized value in the normalized index vector set, and performing biological membrane potential scoring according to the residual chlorine normalized value and the turbidity normalized value in the normalized index vector set to obtain a safety degree score; based on the normalized values of the total hardness, the turbidity, the chromaticity and the hydrogen sulfide, calculating a sensory irregularity mean value to obtain a comfort level score; and calculating a Pearson correlation coefficient matrix among the health degree score, the safety degree score and the comfort degree score according to the historical data window to generate a comprehensive risk score.