35 results about "Equilibrium potential" patented technology

The present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent and lithium salt as an electrolyte, and wherein the non-aqueous solvent contains chain fluorinated carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula CH3COOCH2CH3-xFx (wherein x is 2 or 3) and a film forming chemical decomposed in the range of +1.0 to 3.0 V based on an equilibrium potential between metal lithium and lithium ion.

A multilayer conductive film includes a layer 1 including a conductive material containing a polymer material 1 having an alicyclic structure and conductive particles 1 and a layer 2 including a material having durability against positive electrode potential. The multilayer conductive film has stability in an equilibrium potential environment in a negative electrode and stability in an equilibrium potential environment in a positive electrode, has low electric resistance per unit area in the thickness direction, and has excellent barrier properties for a solvent of an electrolytic solution. A battery including a current collector employing the multilayer conductive film can achieve both weight reduction and durability.

With a gas sensor comprising a structure including a reference pole having a reference material and an electronic conductive material and a sensing pole having a sensing material and an electronic conductive material provided through a solid electrolyte in which the said solid electrolyte, the said reference material and the said sensing material are constituted of lithium ionic conductors and a method of manufacturing the same, an equilibrium potential gas sensor employing a solid electrolyte operable at a low temperature not more than 200 DEG C, particularly at the room temperature, not influenced by moisture or the like and excellent in age-based stability with high measurement sensitivity as well as high responsibility and a method of manufacturing the same can be provided.

The invention relates to an electronic read circuit for a radiation detector comprising: an element (11) sensitive to the radiation, an injection circuit, able to inject a charge at one terminal of the sensitive element (11), the injection circuit (14) extending between at least one input terminal and one output terminal, the output terminal being able to be connected to said sensitive element (11), the injection circuit (14) being able to produce a charge under the effect of a trigger pulse. The injection circuit is able to inject a first charge when an input terminal is connected to a first input potential and a second charge when an input terminal is connected to a second input potential (Vinj2, Phiinj)). The circuit comprises means for storing a difference between an output potential of the injection circuit (14), called equilibrium potential, and a reference potential, such that the second charge depends on the second input potential and on said equilibrium potential.

The invention discloses a system and a method for reducing CO2 to produce methane through microorganism / photoelectric-coupling. The system herein includes an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, which are respectively filled with an anode solution and a cathode solution; a cation exchange membrane is disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. The system is also characterized in that a photo-anode is disposed in the anode chamber, wherein an n-type semiconductor serves as a photocatalyst on the photo-anode. The conduction band potential of the n-type semiconductor, under any pH value, is lower than the redox equilibrium potential of CO2 / CH4; meanwhile, the valence band potential of the n-type semiconductor is higher than the redox equilibrium potential of H2O / O2; a bio-cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber, wherein electrochemical active methanogens are adhered to the surface of the bio-cathode. The microorganisms can directly acquire electrons from the electrode to reduce CO2 and produce the methane, so that CO2 and microorganism conversion is achieved by means of solar energy. The system and the method have great application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for forecasting service life of a lithium ion battery based on capacity attenuation mechanism decomposition analysis. The method comprises the following steps: step one, establishing an equilibrium potential equation of a lithium ion battery to be tested by subtracting equilibrium potentials of positive and negative electrodes with combination of test data of the lithium ion battery to be tested, and then carrying out polarization modification to obtain the equilibrium potential equation; step two, establishing a multi-attenuation-mode decomposition model based on different attenuation mechanisms of the lithium ion battery, establishing a multi-attenuation-mode fitting equation of the lithium ion battery to be tested through a short-term aging test and forecasting attenuation trend; and step three, substituting a forecasting result of the multi-attenuation-mode fitting equation into the equilibrium potential equation of the lithium ion battery to be tested, and forecasting residual capacity. Through the service life forecasting method for carrying out decomposition analysis of different attenuation modes based on different capacity attenuations of the lithium ion battery, the problem that simple extrapolation is carried out according to the experiment test data or the attenuation of the service life of the lithium ion battery is simply ascribed to the single electrochemical mechanism is solved.

A conductive film includes a layer 1 formed by a conductive material 1 that includes a polymer material 1 containing any of (1) an amine and an epoxy resin (where the epoxy resin and the amine are mixed in a ratio of 1.0 or more in terms of the ratio of the number of active hydrogen atoms in the amine with respect to the number of functional groups in the epoxy resin), (2) a phenoxy resin and an epoxy resin, (3) a saturated hydrocarbon polymer having a hydroxyl group, and (4) a curable resin and an elastomer and conductive particles 1. The conductive film has excellent stability in an equilibrium potential environment in a negative electrode and low electric resistance per unit area in the thickness direction. A multilayer conductive film including the conductive film achieves excellent interlayer adhesion, and using them as a current collector enables the production of a battery satisfying both weight reduction and durability.

The invention discloses a high concentration zinc and vanadium redox cell. According to the invention, the novel zinc vanadium oxidation reduction cell is characterized in that a vanadium ion solution is taken as an anode active substance, zinc and a zinc ion solution are taken as an cathode active substance, wherein the equilibrium potential is 1.76 V under a standard state, the open-circuit voltage is 1.7 - 2.0 V under a charging state. The vanadium ions of the vanadium ion solution are existed as quintavalence and quadrivalence (V(I), V(IV)), and the total vanadium concentration can reach to 4.0 mol / L, a solvent is inorganic acid or organic acid. The zinc ion solution is a zinc ion electrolyte containing organic acid or inorganic acid. The organic acid is methanesulfonic acid or sulfamic acid. The inorganic acid is sulfuric acid or nitric acid. The high energy concentration redox cell can be exploited according to the invention.

An oxidation-reduction substance equilibrium potential estimating method is provided, the method including:applying a voltage to an electrode contacting a sample containing an oxidation-reduction substance and sweeping the voltage;measuring a current flowing through the electrode;if an integrated value of the current becomes a value within a reference range, determining whether to sweep the voltage in an opposite direction to a sweep direction in the previous sweeping or to terminate sweeping of the voltage;if it is determined to terminate sweeping of the voltage, estimating an oxidation-reduction substance equilibrium potential at a value of the voltage; andif it is determined to sweep the voltage, sweeping the voltage in an opposite direction to a sweep direction in the previous sweeping.

The invention discloses a method for detecting single electrode potential of a battery. The method comprises the following steps: an AC impedance test is used for acquiring AC impedance spectrums of a positive electrode / negative electrode, a positive electrode / reference electrode and a negative electrode / reference electrode of the battery in different states of charge (SOC) and at different temperatures; an equivalent circuit, a positive electrode equivalent circuit and a negative electrode equivalent circuit of the total battery are respectively used to fit the AC impedance spectrums of the positive electrode / negative electrode, the positive electrode / reference electrode and the negative electrode / reference electrode, and a related three-dimensional mapping table between equivalent impedance of the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the SOC and the temperature is obtained; the current electrode equilibrium potential is obtained according to the SOC of the battery and a equilibrium potential curve; and the single electrode potential is obtained according to the electrode equilibrium potential, charging / discharging current sum of the battery and the three-dimensional mapping table. The electrode potential of a common battery can be directly and conveniently measured, and accuracy of the measurement result is improved. The invention also provides a system for detecting single electrode potential of a battery.