The invention provides a bevel ratchet wheel compensating device, comprising a ratchet wheel body (1), a ratchet wheel brake frame (2), a long bolt pin (3), a ratchet wheel framework connecting plate (4), a brake pallet (5), a balance wheel (6), a steel wire rope I (7), a steel wire rope II (7') and a cable clamp (8), wherein two rows of symmetrical bevel gears are arranged on the excircle of a bull wheel (12) of the ratchet wheel body (1), the bevel gear is composed of straight teeth (24) and side teeth (25), the straight teeth (24) are arranged at two sides of the circumference surface of the bull wheel (12), and side teeth (25) are arranged at the side wall of the bull wheel (12); and the front end of the brake pallet (5) is provided with a U-shaped brake port (26) of which the width is consistent with the spacing of the bottom parts of the two side teeth (25). In the invention, the ratchet adopts a bevel structure formed by the straight teeth and the side teeth; by optimizing the structure design, the manufacture technology is simplified, the safe use performance is improved so as to lead the working tension to reach 38.85kN and compensation distance to reach 800m, thus not only satisfying the requirements on high tension and large compensation distance for a high-speed electrified railway contact line, but also having convenient installation and maintenance.