According to the present invention, a high-strength electrical steel sheet that is suitable as rotor material for a high speed motor, steadily has high strength, and also has excellent magnetic properties can be obtained by setting the chemical composition thereof to include, by mass %, C: 0.005% or less, Si: more than 3.5% and 4.5% or less, Mn: 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less, Al: 0.005% or less, Ca: 0.0010% or more and 0.0050% or less, S: 0.0030% or less, and N: 0.0030% or less, Ca/S being 0.80 or more, the balance being Fe and incidental impurities, and by setting the sheet thickness to 0.40 mm or less, the non-recrystallized deformed microstructure to 10% or more and 70% or less, tensile strength (TS) to 600 MPa or more, and iron loss W10/400 to 30 W/kg or less.