The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a suspect identification and positioning tracking system and method based on a 5G wireless network. The overall structure of the suspect identification and positioning tracking system based on the 5G wireless network comprises a sensing layer, a transmission layer, a computing storage resource layer and an application layer. Based on a 5G wireless high-speed network, real-time return of monitoring video pictures is realized, and suspect recognition and positioning tracking are completed by combining face recognition and binocular vision ranging technologies; high-definition and controllable wireless binocular vision cameras are densely deployed in an urban area, the cameras upload video pictures to nearest mobile edge nodes through a 5G wireless high-speed network, and finally individual suspects are recognized, positioned and tracked. Experiments show that the 5G wireless network time delay providedby the invention is less than 35ms, the calculation time delay is 100ms, the total time delay is equal to 2*network time delay+calculation time delay, and the total time delay is less than 200ms.