255 results about "Digital switching" patented technology

A multidimensional energy decision system, comprising a plurality of server systems, including at least a statistics server and an interface adapted to receive and send digital information from at least a client system, and further adapted to optionally communicate with the digital exchange via a packet-based data network, wherein the multidimensional energy decision system periodically optimizes operational parameters of client system for a specific time period and a specific energy asset from client system based on forecasted conditions, and directly, or upon decision confirmation from a client system, procures or makes dispatchable energy resources, related externalities, or related derivative financial products, available to a digital exchange or other parties, wherein upon the purchase of a listed asset by another party or across digital exchange, implements dispatch procedures to satisfy the issued contract and, optionally, provides monitoring and verification of performance, is disclosed.

A system for presentation and management of energy-related information and securities, comprising a digital exchange, a client system comprising a plurality of display and input modalities, a communications interface software adapted to allow communications between the client system and the digital exchange, and a control interface within the client system adapted to drive the display and input modalities, wherein the control interface, on receiving input from a user, causes data from the digital exchange to be retrieved and displayed in one or more of the display modalities to the user, and upon receipt of a request from the user via an input modality of the client system after the user has retrieved and reviewed data from the digital exchange, an order to execute a transaction is transmitted to the digital exchange by the client system, and on receipt of an order to execute a transaction from a client system, the digital exchange combines the ordered transaction with other similar transactions from a plurality of users and thereby creates or modifies a marketable security visible to at least one other user via the digital exchange, is disclosed.

Systems and methods for reducing the number of temperature measurement wires in multiple temperature sensor ablation systems are described. In a preferred embodiment, temperature sensors capable of measuring the temperature of body tissue and transmitting the temperature data digitally are incorporated in a catheter or probe ablation system that also includes electrodes in operative contact with the sensors. The sensors are connected in parallel to a common electrical bus, thereby allowing the system to operate using a reduced number of electrical paths as compared to conventional ablation systems. The present invention is also directed to ablation systems that incorporate analog sensors rather than digital sensors. In this embodiment, the system utilizes digital switching, filtering circuits, or oscillators to reduce the number of wires required to operate the sensors.

A system for managing energy, comprising a digital exchange with a communications interface adapted to allow connections from remote users over a data network, wherein the digital exchange receives preferences from a plurality of exchange participants and these preferences are used at least in part to create response profiles relevant to the participants, at least some of the response profiles are aggregated into response packages with defined statistical properties, and at least some of the response packages are made available for use by participants in the digital exchange, is disclosed.

A digital switching power amplifier with Multivariable Enhanced Cascade Controlled (MECC) includes a modulator, a switching power stage and a low pass filter. In the first preferred embodiment an enhanced cascade control structure local to the switching power stage is added, characterised by having a single local feedback path A (7) with a lowpass characteristic and local forward blocks B1 or B (3, 4). The leads to a much improved system with a very low sensitivity to errors in the switching power stage. In the second preferred embodiment of the invention the control structure is extended with a global structure composed of a single feed-back path C (8) and forward paths blocks D1 or D (1, 2). This provides further improvements and a very low sensitivity to load variations and filter errors. Both MECC embodiments are characterised by being simple in implementation, stable and extendible by adding / removing simple local (3) or global (1) forward path blocks. A third embodiment of the invention is a controlled self-oscillating pulse modulator, characterised by first a non-hysteresis comparator as modulator and second by a higher order oscillating loop realized in both forward path B1 and feedback path A to determine stable self-oscillating conditions. An implemented 250W example MECC digital power amplifier has proven superior performance in terms of audio performance (0.005% distortion, 115 dB dynamic range) and efficiency (92%).

The present invention relates to an electrical safety diagnosis system and apparatus, which are configured to enable sensed data on user surroundings in a U-city environment, such as electrical safety data for switchboards and distribution boards, and water leakages, faulty outlet connections, etc., to be managed remotely by a server at a U-city integrated information center. In particular, the present invention relates to an electrical safety diagnosis system and apparatus which use a U-city integrated information network to preemptively perform checking and analyses for potential electrically-induced disasters that can occur in public facilities, stores, buildings, and homes within a U-city, by means of a U-city integrated information center, and prevent electrical fires or shocks at the electrical equipment of switchboards or distribution boards, and dangerous conditions (such as water leakages, abnormal temperatures, gas, and faulty outlet connections) in facilities used by users. The remote electrical safety diagnosis system of the present invention comprises: a digital switchboard including the functions of checking electrical equipment in a switchboard room using a contactless arc sensor and a partial discharge sensor on a power line, to diagnose the safety of the electrical equipment, diagnosing an arc or partial discharge in a detected waveform and storing the diagnosed data, and transmitting the diagnosed data to a higher level server; and a digital distribution board including a main circuit breaker and a partial circuit breaker, for checking an AC voltage or current input through the power line, storing the checked data, and transmitting the diagnosed data to the higher level server.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a display device in which images can be seen under a dark place to intense external light. In the display device, display is performed by changing the gray scale number depending on external light intensity, and display modes can be switched depending on contents displayed on the screen. An analog mode and a digital mode are switched depending on external light intensity. In an analog digital switching circuit, when a video signal is an analog value, a signal is outputted to a pixel array without any change and, when the video signal is a digital value, the signal is outputted to a circuit that performs a digital operation such as a latch circuit. Consequently, display gray scales of a pixel are changed appropriately. Accordingly, a clear image can be displayed. For example, it is possible to ensure visibility in a wide range of a dark place or under indoor florescent light to outdoor sun light.

A digital switching system comprises: (a) a line card layer containing a plurality of real or virtual line cards; (b) a switch card layer containing a plurality of real or virtual switch cards; and (c) an interface layer interposed between the line card layer and the switch card layer for providing serialization support services so that one or more of the line cards and switch cards can be operatively and conveniently disposed in a first shelf or on a first backplane that is spaced apart from a second shelf or from a second backplane supporting others of the line cards and / or switch cards. Such an arrangement allows for scalable expansion of the switching system in terms of number of lines served and / or transmission rates served. The flexibility of the system is owed in part to payload data being carried within payload-carrying regions of so-called ZCell signals as the payload data moves between the line card layer and the switch fabric layer.

A digital payload for processing a sub-band spectrum received on an uplink beam at a communications satellite includes a digital channelizer, a digital switch matrix and a digital combiner. The digital channelizer divides the sub-band spectrum into a plurality of frequency slices that can be routed by the digital switch matrix to any of a number of receiving ports. A digital combiner receives the frequency slices and re-assembles them to form one or more output sub-bands for transmission on an output beam of the communications satellite. The digital payload may also include an embeddable digital regeneration module configured to demodulate some or all of the sub-band spectrum to extract a digital bitstream therefrom. The digital bitstream may be processed to implement code-based multiplexing, switching, access control, and other features.

Systems and methods for performance improvements in digital switching amplifiers using simulation-based feedback. In one embodiment, a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifier includes a signal processing plant configured to receive and process an input audio signal. The amplifier also includes a simulator configured to model processing of audio signals by the plant. The outputs of the plant and the simulator are provided to a subtractor, the output of which is then added to the input audio signal as feedback. The plant may consist of a modulator and power switch, a noise shaper, or any other type of plant. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may be provided to convert the output audio signal to a digital signal for input to the subtractor. Filtering may be implemented before or after the ADC, and a decimator may be placed after the ADC if it is an oversampling ADC.

A feedback system such as a phase locked loop (PLL) includes a second feedback loop which responds when a VCO control voltage is near either end of its range, by slowly adjusting additional tuning elements which control the VCO frequency. The second feedback loop is arranged to cause a slow enough change in the VCO frequency that the first traditional feedback loop adjusts the control voltage quickly enough in a direction toward its mid-range value to keep the VCO frequency substantially unchanged. The second feedback loop advantageously incorporates one or more digital control signals which preferably change no more than one bit at a time and with a controlled slow ramp rate. As a result, the PLL maintains phase accuracy so that the operation of the PLL, including subtle specifications such as input data jitter tolerance or output jitter generation when used for clock and data recovery applications, is not negatively impacted. An impedance tuning feedback system provides a resistance between two nodes which is proportional to a reference resistance, and preferably incorporates slow digital switching to result in near perturbation-free state changes over the tuning range of the resistance.

Systems and methods for performance improvements in digital switching amplifiers using simulation-based feedback. In one embodiment, a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifier includes a signal processing plant configured to receive and process an input audio signal. The amplifier also includes a simulator configured to model processing of audio signals by the plant. The outputs of the plant and the simulator are provided to a subtractor, the output of which is then added to the input audio signal as feedback. The plant may consist of a modulator and power switch, a noise shaper, or any other type of plant. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may be provided to convert the output audio signal to a digital signal for input to the subtractor. Filtering may be implemented before or after the ADC, and a decimator may be placed after the ADC if it is an oversampling ADC.

Methods and apparatus for managing rights associated with digital content in a digital exchange system (e.g., a content management system) are provided. The method includes providing one or more first templates, and providing one or more second templates. Each first template corresponds to one or more rights of a first digital rights management system, and each second template corresponds to one or more rights of a second digital rights management system. The method further includes relating one or more of the first templates to one or more of the second templates based on pre-determined criteria.

A system for decoding variable length coded DVC data and methods of operating the same result in a variable length decoder engine that receives video frames having a plurality of digital interchange format (DIF) sequences and provides contiguous decoded run-length amp pairs. The variable length decode engine comprises a concatenation engine configured to contiguously format a plurality of DIF blocks of a DIF sequence to provide contiguous DCT blocks. The concatenation engine has a controller that utilizes several passes capable of running simultaneously to return the DIF blocks coded according to IEC standards to their original variable length sequences. A run-length amp pair generator coupled to the concatenation engine configured to decode the contiguous DCT blocks to provide the run-length amp pairs.

The invention is a digital switching power amplifier for magnetic bearing system of magnetic suspension flywheel, a device for actively controlling the current in the magnetic bearing coil, mainly comprising FPGA, isolated driving circuits, full-bridge main circuit, current detection circuit, conditioning circuit, A / D chip and overcurrent detection circuit. And the digital switch power amplifier makes PWM modulation by the error signal formed by the FPGA according to the given digital control quantity and sampling result of current feedback signal, directly control ON and OFF of power switches in the full bridge main circuit by the ready- modulated PWM signals through the isolated driving circuits, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the current in the magnetic bearing coil. And the invention has advantages of simple structure and high reliability.

A communication system employing site diversity combing to increase link availability includes at least two receivers at receive sites within a single downlink beam separated by enough distance to provide decorrelation of weather phenomena—such as rain fade outages. A signal transmits digital symbols to all the receivers and may use bandwidth efficient modulation with forward error correction coding. Sampled symbol values for each codeword are produced at each receiver, which are connected by one or more ground links so that all data can be collected at one site. At least two different soft-decision computation modules translate the sampled symbol values from the different receivers into different sets of soft-decision values—which may be log-likelihood-ratio (LLR) values reflecting the probability value for each bit of the codeword—that are digitally synchronized and combined for use by a decoder. The technique thus avoids disadvantages of either coherent waveform combining or BER-based digital switching.

The present invention provides a system and method for safety critical real time distributed engine control. Centralized hierarchical control architecture is replaced with an autonomous distributed network. Analog input / output signals are replaced with digitized data packets. Point-to-point wiring and data bus control are replaced with flexible virtual connections using digital switching technology. Fixed redundancy is replaced with variable redundancy.

There is provided a digital switching amplifier capable of enhancing an S / N ratio at the time of a small signal output and reducing current consumption and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The digital switching amplifier according to the present invention is provided with an integrator 11 for integrating an input signal, quantizer 12 for quantizing the output signal of the integrator 11 with resolutions different for each of the predetermined signal regions, pulse width modulator 13 for performing pulse width modulation for each of signals quantized with different resolutions by the quantizer 12 using different proportionality coefficients, switching circuit 14 for providing the load 15 with electrical signals different in value for each of pulse-width modulated signals with different proportionality coefficients by the pulse width modulator 13 in response to the pulse-width modulated signal, and feedback circuit 17 for negatively feeding back the output of the quantizer 12 to the input of the integrator 11.

A methodology is provided to perform noise analysis in the implementation stage of the design of an integrated circuit, and based upon analysis results, a floorplan may be adjusted or guard rings may be inserted to reduce the impact of digital switching noise upon noise sensitive circuits.

The invention provides a Delta-Sigma modulation principle based digital switching device and method for a rotary transformer, which belongs to the technical field of digital switching of a rotary transformer output signal, and solves the current problems of digitally converting an analog signal outputted by the rotary transformer by means of calculation with a specialized chip and the high cost. The device comprises a rotary transformer, and also includes a low pass filter, a carrier wave generator, a Delta-Sigma modulator, a sine channel unit, a cosine channel unit and a closed loop angle tracker. The method includes the steps of converting the analog signal returned by the rotary transformer to a digital signal based on the Delta-Sigma A / D converter with an oversampling principle, wherein the digital signal has a delay correcting function, multiplying the digital signal being sampled and filtered with a delay marking signal to compensate the whole system, calculating the inputted signal by the closed loop angle tracker, and obtaining an angle signal and an angular speed signal of the motor measured by the rotary transformer. The device and the method provided by the invention are suitable for the digital conversion of the signals outputted by the rotary transformer.

The invention provides signal processing equipment of a PET detector based on a neural network localizer. The equipment integrates and realizes procedures for processing a series of signals from a photoelectric switching signal outputted by a detector to the action position coordinate of the gamma ray counted by a neural network in real time. The equipment comprises a compression read processing circuit to an array pixel signal outputted by a photoelectric switching device, an analog-digital switching circuit, an energy identifying and timing circuit, a proper time judging circuit, a base line recovery circuit, a signal peak value estimating circuit, a neural network real-time computing circuit, a USB interface circuit, etc. Due to the realization of the technology for processing various digital nuclear signals based on FPCA and especially the real-time computing of the neural network, the instantaneity and the integration level of the system are greatly improved. The invention has compact structure, complete performance, strong on-line data processing performance, and can be conveniently assembled into an integral detector module with the PET detector, wherein the detector module is important intermediate equipment for researching and developing novel PET imaging equipment based on neural network positioning.

The invention discloses a coordination control method for a micro-grid system. The coordination control method of the micro-grid system comprises the steps of: (1) performing program initialization of a coordination control system; (2) processing a digital switching value, and carrying out information interaction with a micro-grid energy management system, a liquid crystal display module and an in-place controller; (3) processing data of obtained information; (4) judging the working condition of the micro-grid, and calling a corresponding control program module based on the type of the working condition of the micro-grid; and (5) calculating the power command value of each running device, sending a signal to each running device of the micro-grid after the safety economic index satisfying with each running device is confirmed and adjusting the running state of the system by the control program module. The coordination control method for the micro-grid system realizes coordination control on the micro-grid system, and ensures safe and steady operation of the micro-grid. By adopting the modular software design and shortening the code of each software module, the coordination control method for the micro-grid system can remove software errors to the maximum extent and therefore greatly improve reliability of the software.

A control circuit can control the operation of a switching converter to provide a regulated load current to a load. The switching converter includes an inductor and a high-side and a low side-transistor for switching the load current provided via the inductor. A digital modulator is configured to provide a modulated signal having a duty cycle determined by a digital duty cycle value. A current sense circuit is coupled to at least one of the transistors and is configured to regularly sample a load current value. A comparator is coupled to the current sense circuit and is configured to compare the sampled load current value with a first threshold and to provide a respective comparator output signal. A regulator is configured to receive the comparator output signal and to calculate an updated digital duty cycle value.

The invention discloses a digital switching power source with high light-load efficiency. The digital switching power source comprises an alternating current input power source, an EMI filter, a rectifier bridge, a pre PFC correcting circuit, a transformer, a post DC / DC conversion circuit, a sampling circuit, a first drive circuit, a second drive circuit, a first DSC and a second DSC. The light-load efficiency is improved by reducing the switching loss of a MOS pipe in the pre PFC correcting circuit, the switching loss of a MOS pipe in the post DC / DC conversion circuit and the magnetic core loss of an inductor on the condition of light loads. Compared with other methods for improving light-load efficiency, no additional circuit is needed, and the purpose of improving the high-load efficiency of the power source can be achieved only by using an original control circuit and simply changing relates control strategies; therefore, the digital switching power source is high in light-load efficiency, simple in structure, low in cost and good in reliability.

The present invention is a switching system interface providing conversion between time-division multiplexed digital signals and packetized digital signals used to bypass a common control and switch matrix of a class 5 digital switch. The switching system interface includes a network interface for terminating a digital transmission facility that is part of a network architecture. In addition, the interface includes a line / trunk interface, compatible with the internal signals used to operate the line / trunk interface of the class 5 digital switching system and a switch, connected to the network interface and to the line / trunk interface, for routing data between network interfaces and line / trunk interface. The interface also converts the data between time-division multiplexed digital signals and packetized digital signals.

A digital clock switching circuit and method is disclosed and is operable to deadlock-free switch a digital clock source for an integrated circuit. The circuit includes a first finite state machine associated with a first clock source and a second finite state machine associated with a second clock source. The finite state machines are connected to each other and monitor the current state of the other finite state machine. Each finite state machine receives an input select signal to control which clock source should be active and passed to a clock output. Each finite state machine includes a counter, wherein the counter associated with the active clock source is initialized to a first predetermined value when the input select signal indicates a switching off of the active clock source. The finite state machine associated with the active clock source enters a CHECK state and varies a count at each clock cycle. If the other finite state machine verifies a presence of its clock source before the counter reaches a second predetermined value the switch of the active clock source is effected.

Systems and methods for performance improvements in digital switching amplifiers using a low delay corrector. In one embodiment, a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifier includes a signal processing plant configured to receive and process an input audio signal. The amplifier also includes a low delay corrector configured to receive signals output by the plant. The output of the low delay corrector is added to the input audio signal as feedback. The plant may consist of a modulator and power switch, a noise shaper, or any other type of plant. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may be provided to convert the output audio signal to a digital signal. Filtering may be implemented before or after the ADC, and a decimator may be placed after the ADC if it is an oversampling ADC.