The invention discloses a straight acting device for a spacecraft based on an SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) spring and a use method thereof. The straight acting device for the spacecraft based on the SMA spring comprises a piston jacking rod, an upper end cover, a limiting spring, a sleeve, the SMA spring, a heater resistance wire, an electric heater, a soft outgoing line and an electric connector, wherein the sleeve is a piston cavity; a piston acting rod, the limiting spring, the SMA spring, the electric heater and the soft outgoing line are arranged in the sleeve from top to bottom; when the straight acting device does not work, the piston jacking rod is restrained in an initial position by the limiting spring, and the limiting spring and the SMA spring are balanced; when the straight acting device acts in orbit, any one of two heating wires in the heater is electrified through instruction, the SMA spring is heated, after the temperature reaches a phase-transition temperature, memory alloy is subjected to phase-transition, and the heat expanding type SMA spring stretches out and drives the piston jacking rod. The straight acting device for the spacecraft based on the SMA spring utilizes the advantage of easiness in controlling the action of the SMA spring and ensures the high reliability of a spacecraft mechanism.