47results about How to "Reduce field workload" patented technology

The invention discloses an existing railway line retesting method based on the on-board laser radar technology. Firstly, control marks are arranged along a railway to be tested at preset intervals; secondly, position coordinates of the center point of each control mark on a railway engineering coordinate system are measured; thirdly, laser point cloud data and image data of rails, railway equipment and facilitates (such as annunciators, turnouts and contact net rods), terrain around the railway and the control marks along the railway are obtained, and colors of the image data are assigned to corresponding laser point cloud data; fourthly, the obtained colorized laser point cloud data are subjected to precision refining treatment with the position coordinates of the control marks as reference points, so that errors in the colorized laser point cloud data are eliminated; fifthly, rail surface linear laser point data are extracted from the colorized laser point cloud data subjected to the precision refining treatment; and sixthly, the line type of the existing railway is restored through the rail surface linear laser point data. Information of the existing line is accurately obtained under the condition that operation of the railway is not influenced.

The invention relates to a method for forecasting rock blasting damage depth of nuclear power projects. The method comprises the following steps of performing the blasting vibration testing to determine a site vibration attenuation rule; performing the sound wave testing to primarily determine the rock damage depth; performing the finite element numerical simulation, and calculating the rock particle vibration speed and rock blasting damage depth; respectively establishing the change rules of the particle peak vibration speed (1m away from a blasting source R) along with the rock blasting damage depth under the step blasting and pre-fracturing blasting types; substituting the explosive charging quantity Q0 of an actual section into the site blasting vibration attenuation rule and the change rules of the particle peak vibration speed along with the rock blasting damage depth, so as to forecast the blasting damage depth caused by the explosive charging quantity. The method has the characteristics that one part of site sound wave testing can be replaced with the numerical simulation, the site testing frequency is reduced, the field workload is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved; the site blasting group hole effect is comprehensively considered, the forecasting is accurate, and the operation is convenient and rapid.

The invention relates to a continuous acquisition method for the three-dimensional information of an indoor environment. The method comprises the following operation steps: acquiring point cloud data by using an indoor mobile measuring system; selecting point clouds of line scanning of adjacent time quanta, carrying out feature searching and rough matching and calculating a relative geometrical relationship; constructing the relative positional relationship of all the line scanning point clouds in the whole acquisition time quantum; calculating the precise relative positional relationship of three-dimensional laser point clouds according to time and the roughly matched relative positional relationship; correcting the roughly matched relationship in the whole time quantum according to the precise positional relationship; comparing whether the relative relationship value of rough matching and precise matching is less than a threshold and checking whether all the data has been rectified; and repeating precise matching and correction if not, or otherwise, finishing acquisition of the three-dimensional information of space. The method has the advantages of a high degree of automation, rapidness and high efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for measuring earth and rock by an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising the following steps: S1 flight task planning and equipment selection; S2 performing flight task to obtain data; S3 establishing a three-dimensional model according to image data and geographic coordinate information; S4 combining engineering drawings and generating The three-dimensional model to calculate the earthwork volume of the survey area; S5 repeats the measurement at a certain time interval to calculate the engineering volume. The present invention can reduce the field workload and shorten the measurement period through the flight control system, satellite positioning system, flight data storage system and airborne camera set on the drone; avoid human intervention in the measurement process and affect the final measurement result, and The comparison and measurement of multiple sets of 3D models obtained by repeated measurement at a certain time interval can calculate the engineering quantity of earth and stone, which is beneficial to control the progress of the project.

The invention discloses a GNSS high-precision assisted unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional measurement method, which uses an airborne GNSS receiver, a GNSS base station receiver, and a camera for synchronous observation, including: the airborne GNSS receiver accurately records the exposure time of the camera, and uses a carrier After the phase difference is decomposed and calculated, the centimeter-level position information of the antenna is obtained, and then the outer bearing line element at the exposure time of the camera is obtained by interpolation, which is used as the starting data. Combined with a small number of ground control points, the aerial triangulation software is used for automatic processing, and each image is obtained. The outer orientation elements of the film, and then produce the required 4D image. The present invention adopts the method of differential positioning, and uses the GNSS differential position information corrected by the eccentricity to replace the position information of the exposure point, so as to obtain the line elements in the outer orientation elements required in aerial photogrammetry, which greatly improves the accuracy of the UAV. The efficiency of low-altitude photogrammetry reduces field workload.

The present invention discloses a metro shield tunnel forming tunnel portal measurement method, which comprises: 1, field data acquisition: 101, selecting measurement points, wherein M measurement points are selected on the inner edge of the tunnel portal to be measured according to requirements, and 102, measuring the measurement point position, wherein three-dimensional coordinates of each measurement point are measured, and measurement results are recorded; and 2, indoor data processing: 201, calculating the distance between each measurement point and the center line of the design path, and comparing the difference value, 202, calculating the end wall offset and the flatness, and 203, comparing the fitting tunnel portal center and the designed tunnel portal center, wherein the process comprises projecting, projection point grouping, circle fitting, fitting tunnel portal center point acquiring, tunnel portal center fitting precision calculating, and tunnel portal center offset acquiring. The metro shield tunnel forming tunnel portal measurement method has characteristics of simple step, reasonable design, easy achieving and good use result, and problems of high labor intensity, probable forming tunnel portal plane deviation calculating, and poor use effect of the existing tunnel forming tunnel portal measurement method can be solved with the metro shield tunnel forming tunnel portal measurement method of the present invention.

The invention discloses a biomass model research and construction method based on a hyperspectral remote sensing and photogrammetry technology. By using hyperspectral remote sensing technology, UAV photogrammetry technology and ground photogrammetry technology to extract vegetation characteristic parameters, and combining with the measured data of ground sample plot, the inversion models between vegetation characteristic parameters and biomass are established respectively, and the precision of the model is analyzed. The correlation coefficient R2, the standard error SEE, the total relative error TRE, the mean system error MSE and the mean prediction error MPE are used to evaluate the biomass model, and then the optimal biomass inversion model is determined. The method of the invention hasgood inversion effect, and provides a new technical method and means for quickly, accurately and comprehensively measuring and calculating the land vegetation biomass of a large area.

The invention discloses an accurate estimation method for measuring forest sub compartment accumulation and biomass by utilizing an angle gauge. The accurate estimation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: estimating other angle gauge point count values by utilizing 2-5 actual measurement angle gauge point count values according to the area of a forest sub compartment, and then estimating forest sub compartment accumulation and biomass according to the actual measured angle gauge count values and the estimated angle gauge point count values. By adopting the accurate estimation method disclosed by the invention, field workload of forest investigation is greatly reduced, and measurement error caused by selection difference of positions of angle gauge points is also greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a dual-use target image control point for UAV photogrammetry and radar scanning. The target image control point comprises a center block, wing plates and an image control cloth. The wing plates are detachably connected with the center block, and the image control cloth is fixedly connected under the wing plates. The four wing plates form a vertical cross. Two wing plates onthe same straight line are provided with reflective strips in the same color different from that of reflective strips on the other two wing plates on the other straight line. The image control clothon two sides of the wing plates is set in different colors, so that the dual-use target image control point can be used for photography shooting and the radar scanning, and the workload of control point arrangement and the processing amount of measurement data are reduced.

The invention provides a rapid land acquisition and demolition method based on ortho-image data. The technology that high-resolution and high-precision ortho-image data is produced based on the aerialsurvey technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle is researched. The land expropriation and demolition application method is simple in obtaining mode, short in production period, high in expressivity,safe and efficient, the geometrical position relation of a project station, a mixing station and a reinforcing steel bar processing factory in the actual geographical environment is truly and visually displayed, and the method has very high guiding significance for compiling and reporting of a temporary construction scheme. The land acquisition and removal period of the temporary construction project is shortened, the workload of technicians is reduced, and the construction efficiency of the temporary construction project is improved.

Aiming at the defects that ultra-wide linear array image inter-row exterior orientation elements have strong correlation and linear array sensor edge distortion is large, the invention provides an ultra-wide linear array image rigorous ortho-rectification method with additional constraint conditions (angle consistency constraint and coplanar constraint), which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting ground control points; (2) constructing a rigorous model with additional constraint conditions; and (3) carrying out rigorous ortho-rectification processing on the ultra-wide linear array image. According to the method, the exterior orientation elements are decoupled through the constraint conditions, the solving precision of the exterior orientation elements of the ultra-wide linear array image is improved, the ortho-rectification result of the ultra-wide linear array image is improved, a new solution is provided for ortho-rectification of the ultra-wide linear array image, and the application range of the ultra-wide linear array image is expanded. Moreover, the model is less affected by the number of control points and the precision of an initial value, can achieve higher resolving precision while selecting relatively few control points, reduces the field workload, and saves manpower and material resources.

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle forest cruise photography technical method. According to the technology, the arranging mode of a forest cruise unmanned aerial vehicle photographingdevice and the optimal photographing time difference are designed by using the unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry with cooperation of the digital camera and the smart phone, and the unmanned aerial vehicle cruise photogrammetry scheme is formulated. Besides, a mathematical model is established through splicing of aerial photos to determine the cruise area and acquire the forest fire factors and determine the forest fire area so that unmanned aerial vehicle forest cruise automatic photogrammetry can be realized.

The invention discloses a high-precision measurement method for the initial state of a shield, and aims to solve the technical problems that a measurement method in the prior art is not easy to operate, low in safety coefficient, large in field workload, low in measurement precision, small in application range and greatly influenced by the machining or assembling precision of the shield. The method is characterized by establishing a shield measurement control network by using a free station setting method; acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of all points uniformly distributed on the front, middle and rear cross sections of the shield by using a high-precision measurement robot and a matched prism-free device; and calculating three circle centers by using the collected section points,wherein two of the circle centers are used for calculating the shield attitude, and the third circle center is used for checking, so that the data reliability is ensured. The measurement method can quickly measure the initial attitude before shield launching and calculate the zero parameter of a guide system, and has the advantages of easiness in operation, high safety coefficient, small field workload, high measurement precision, reliable result, wide application range and small influence by the machining or assembling precision of the shield itself.

The invention provides a method for measuring geometric characteristics of tunnel appendages. The method includes the following steps: S1, obtaining laser point cloud data by using a mobile laser scanning device; S2, generating a tunnel plane image according to the laser point cloud data and establishing coordinate formulas corresponding to points on the tunnel plane image; S3, measuring a plane coordinate of the target point on the tunnel plane image; S4, obtaining row and column number information of the target point according to the coordinate formula; S5, obtaining a three-dimensional coordinate of the target point according to the laser point cloud data of the target point; and S6, repeating the step S3-S5 to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of multiple required target points andcalculating the distance between any two of the target points according to the three-dimensional coordinates. The method for measuring the geometric characteristics of the tunnel appendages of the invention can quickly measure the position, size, distance and other characteristics of the tunnel appendages, and has the advantages of high measurement efficiency and labor cost saving.