The invention relates to a structurally improved crop straw harvesting baler, which comprises a frame, a header, a conveying chute, a longitudinal feed mechanism, a forming chamber, a baling and knotting device, a control table and a power system. The power system is disposed at the tail of the overall baler, other components are all disposed on a frame chassis, and a reel and a cutter are installed on the header. The structurally improved crop straw harvesting baler is characterized in that the chassis is a self-propelled crawler chassis, and self-propelling tracks are installed on the chassis. Using the chassis overcomes the shortages of a tractive baler, and integral operation is achieved. By means of the self-propelling tracks, land contact area is large, land contact pressure is low, soil settlement is avoided, performances are stable, reliability is high, travelling resistance is small, climbing performance is high, disassembly and assembly is easy, and cross-field movement is convenient. The structurally improved crop straw harvesting baler has the advantages that appearance is compact and small, conveying capacity is high, slipping is less apt to occur, adaptability to landforms is high, the structurally improved crop straw harvesting baler can be used for harvesting various types of straws, and the like. The structurally improved crop straw harvesting baler is applicable to landforms of most areas of China and harvesting of crop straws.