This invention provides an
adjustable stiffness foil gas
dynamic pressure bearing, comprising: a top foil, a first foil, an SMA foil group, a second foil, a bearing sleeve, a cooling plate, and a
heat sink; wherein, the first foil and the second foil are each composed of two longitudinal beams connected at the ends of circumferentially distributed V-shaped beams, the circumferential length of the V-
shaped beam of the first foil is less than the gap between two adjacent V-shaped beams of the second foil, and the V-
shaped beam of the first foil is placed between the two V-shaped beams of the second foil; the SMA foil group is composed of a first SMA foil, an electrically controlled
heating film, and a second SMA foil stacked sequentially, located in the middle of the first foil and the second foil, and its axial width is less than the axial width of the V-shaped beams of the first foil and the second foil; the cold end of the electrically controlled cooling plate is in
close contact with the V-
shaped beam of the second foil, and the hot end is connected to the
heat sink; the top foil provides the
bearing surface for the
dynamic pressure gas film, and the bearing sleeve supports and fixes all components. This application achieves active adjustment of
bearing stiffness by rapidly adjusting the
elastic modulus of SMA foil through an electrically controlled
heating film and cooling plate, thus solving the technical problem that existing foil gas dynamic bearings cannot cross critical speeds and ultra-high speed
instability. The circumferentially spaced V-shaped beams enable the top foil and SMA foil group to participate in
structural deformation as simply supported beams, improving
impact resistance and durability. Under load, the top foil forms a V-shaped depression, producing a gas-gathering effect similar to that of grooved bearings, thereby improving the bearing's load-
bearing capacity.