The invention discloses a near-field accompanying optimization method for far-field sonic boom suppression of a supersonic aircraft, and the method comprises the steps: giving a parameterized initialnear-field waveform, obtaining near-field and far-field overvoltage signals, and carrying out the modal decomposition; extracting each decomposition mode and characteristic value distribution thereof,and reversely solving a near-field overvoltage signal; on the basis of CFD grid division, according to the reversely solved near-field overvoltage signals and a given line segment at the lower position of the fuselage, completing target function variation formed by near-field overvoltage and target overvoltage distribution, and constructing and solving an adjoint equation; and performing optimization design based on a sequential quadratic programming algorithm, and performing forward calculation check on a design result. According to the method, the defects of traditional near-field accompanying optimization can be overcome, meanwhile, the tedious operation of far-field-near-field-body variation of far-field signal design is avoided, and the efficiency of accompanying optimization can becontinuously and fully utilized.