The invention discloses an earthquake impact response analysis method for engineering structures, which relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular, the method comprises the following steps: when a structure is in an elastic state, a total equation precise integration formula is adopted for recursive solution; when a plastic state is in an incremental equation precise integration formula for recursive solution; when a structure is in an elastic state, the total equation precise integration formula is adopted for recursive solution; when the elasto-plastic state is transformed, the exact moment of the transition is solved, and the first time step after the transition is solved by the total equation iteration; for the current time step, whether the structure produces contact collision or not is judged; if the collision occurs, the accurate collision time is solved, and the collision force is introduced from this time point, and the recursive calculation of the dynamic equation in the collision stage is carried out until the collision is over; the integral step size of the structure in the collision state is smaller than that in the separation state, which further improves the computational efficiency. Compared with the traditional implicit or explicit integration method, the method is unconditionally stable, computational efficiency is high, accuracy is close to the analytical solution, and the seismic collision process can be accurately simulated.