84 results about "Geothermal fluid" patented technology

A corrosion control system is disclosed including an anionic oxygen inhibitor, a cationic acid inhibitor or dispersant, and a noxious species inhibitor or scavenger for use in a fluid in contact with a metallic surface at low temperature, moderate temperature and especially at high temperature. A drilling fluid, a completion fluid, a production fluid and a geothermal fluid including an effective amount of the corrosion control system is also disclosed as well as methods for making and using same.

In a system where the thermal energy of a geothermal fluid is applied to an ORC system, the energy is enhanced by the use of solar energy to thereby increase the temperature of the fluid being applied by the ORC system. A single heat exchanger version provides for direct heat exchange relationship with the geothermal and solar fluids, whereas a two heat exchanger version provides for each of the geothermal and solar fluids to be in heat exchange relationship with the working medium of the ORC system. Control features are provided to selectively balance the various fluid flows in the system.

The method of the invention comprises enhancing the flow of geothermal fluid (water and / or steam and / or mixtures thereof) from at least one injection well to at least one production well, by the following steps: providing a first, horizontal, geothermal well, which is used as said injection well; injecting water into said injection well; providing a second, horizontal, geothermal well, which issued as said production well such that said second, horizontal, production, geothermal well is substantially horizontally and vertically spaced from said first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well and located at a shallower depth than said first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well; recovering geothermal fluid from said production well; and generating a water density difference and a pressure difference between said first horizontal, injection well and said second horizontal, production well. Furthermore, the invention comprises an apparatus for enhancing the flow of geothermal fluid from at least one injection well to at least one production well, which comprises a first horizontal geothermal well, which is used as said injection well and into which water is injected; a second horizontal, geothermal well, which is used as said production well and from which geothermal fluid issues, wherein said second, horizontal, production, geothermal well is substantially horizontally and vertically spaced from said first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well and located at a shallower depth than said first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well; and means for producing a pressure difference between said first horizontal, injection well and said second horizontal, production well and utilizing the water density difference induced by the temperature difference. Preferably, binary geothermal power plants or combined cycle geothermal power plants can be used to produce power from geothermal fluid recovered from the production well.

A pair of organic rankine cycle systems are connected in series with the geothermal fluid passing first through an evaporator of the first system and then through an evaporator of the second system before returning to a sink. Similarly, the cooling tower is arranged to provide cooling water to pass first through the condenser in one system and then through the condenser of the other system, to reduce the total flow required and the size of associated cooling hardware.

An apparatus and method for enhancing the flow of geothermal fluid from at least one injection well to at least one production well, which comprises a first horizontal geothermal well, which is used as the injection well, and into which water is injected; a second horizontal, geothermal well, which is used s the production well and from which geothermal fluid issues, wherein the second, horizontal, production, geothermal well is substantially horizontally and vertically spaced from the first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well and located at a shallower depth than the first, horizontal, injection, geothermal well; and the apparatus form producing a pressure difference between the first horizontal, injection well and the second horizontal, production well and utilizing the water density difference induced by the temperature difference. Preferably, binary geothermal power plants or combined cycle geothermal power plants can be used to produce power from geothermal fluid recovered from the production well.

Two Geothermal energy harnessing devices, steam producing System, electricity production Method and heat energy Method are invented for mining renewable geothermal heat energy within a non-polluting, re-circulating, closed cycle intended for electricity generating applications or for other direct or indirect heat uses. The devices, the “Geothermal Energy Collector” and the “Geothermal Energy Exchanger” can work with a Depressurized Mixing Container and a Pressurized Storage Container the entirety of which comprises “THE GEOTHERMAL FLUID HEATING OR STEAM PRODUCTION SYSTEM. The system serves other equipment, such as a phase separator, steam turbine, generator and condenser, which working together with the system comprises either “THE GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION METHOD” or “THE GEOTHERMAL HEAT ENERGY METHOD”. The GEC or GEE can work alone or within a system to add heat to any fluid and to use the heated fluid to supplement any appropriate technology, to produce electricity or for other direct or indirect uses.

In a system where the thermal energy of a geothermal fluid is applied to an ORC system, the energy is enhanced by the use of solar energy to thereby increase the temperature of the fluid being applied by the ORC system. A single heat exchanger version provides for direct heat exchange relationship with the geothermal and solar fluids, whereas a two heat exchanger version provides for each of the geothermal and solar fluids to be in heat exchange relationship with the working medium of the ORC system. Control features are provided to selectively balance the various fluid flows in the system.

An ORC binary cycle geothermal plant, including at least one ORC closed-cycle system and a geothermal system. The geothermal system includes at least one intake line of a geothermal fluid connected to at least one geothermal production well, wherein the fluid includes non-condensable gases; one interface line connected to the intake line, coupled to the ORC system in an interface zone, wherein the fluid exchanges heat with the organic working fluid; one reinjection line connected to the interface line and to at least one geothermal reinjection well. Further at least one separator device configured to separate at least the gases from the fluid; one expander connected to an outlet of the gases by the separator device; and one auxiliary generator connected to the expander. The expander is for interfacing with the system to receive and expand at least the gases after they have exchanged heat with the organic working fluid.

The emissions of hydrogen sulfide during the production of natural gas, oil or geothermal fluids from subterranean formations and the subsequent processing of these fluids is reduced by converting the hydrogen sulfide into a hydrogen halide or a halogen acid and then using the hydrogen halide or halogen acid for scale control and / or well acidizing. In a preferred embodiment, hydrogen sulfide produced with geothermal fluids is converted into hydrochloric acid, which is then used to reduce pH and control scale formation during the extraction of energy from geothermal fluids in a geothermal power plant.

The present inventive subject matter is drawn to apparatus for producing hydrogen using geothermal energy comprising: heating means for heating a solution for use in electrolysis with heat from geothermal fluid and producing a heated solution; and electrolysis means for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of said heated solution. The present invention also relates to a method for producing hydrogen using geothermal energy comprising: heating a solution for use in electrolysis with heat from geothermal fluid and producing a heated solution; and producing hydrogen by electrolysis of said heated solution. In addition, in accordance with the present invention, apparatus for producing hydrogen using geothermal energy is provided comprising: heating means for heating a solution for use in electrolysis with heat from geothermal fluid and producing a heated solution; electrolysis means for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of said heated solution; and power producing means utilizing the pressure of said hydrogen for producing power.

Two Geothermal energy harnessing devices, steam producing System, electricity production Method and heat energy Method are invented for mining renewable geothermal heat energy within a non-polluting, re-circulating, closed cycle intended for electricity generating applications or for other direct or indirect heat uses. The devices, the “Geothermal Energy Collector” and the “Geothermal Energy Exchanger” can work with a Depressurized Mixing Container and a Pressurized Storage Container the entirety of which comprises “THE GEOTHERMAL FLUID HEATING OR STEAM PRODUCTION SYSTEM. The system serves other equipment, such as a phase separator, steam turbine, generator and condenser, which working together with the system comprises either “THE GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION METHOD” or “THE GEOTHERMAL HEAT ENERGY METHOD”. The GEC or GEE can work alone or within a system to add heat to any fluid and to use the heated fluid to supplement any appropriate technology, to produce electricity or for other direct or indirect uses.

A system, apparatus and method for generating electricity from renewable geothermal, wind, and solar energy sources includes a heat balancer for supplementing and regulating the heat energy fed to a turbine generator; a hydrogen-fired boiler for supplying supplementary heat; and an injection manifold for metering controlled amounts of superheated combustible gas into the working fluids to optimize efficiency.Wind or solar power may be converted to hydrogen in an electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen. A phase separator unit that operates by cavitation of the geothermal fluids removes gases from the source fluid. A pollution prevention trap may be used to remove solids and other unneeded constituents of the geothermal fluids to be stored or processed in a solution mining unit for reuse or sale. Spent geothermal and working fluids may be processed and injected into the geothermal strata to aid in maintaining its temperature or in solution mining of elements in the lithosphere.

The invention relates to a novel geothermal and optothermal cogeneration system, which is characterized by comprising a geothermal evaporator, a solar overheater, a prime motor, a prime motor exhaust port, a working medium compression device, an air-cooling radiator, a liquid storage tank and a working medium booster pump. The solar overheater, the prime motor, the prime motor exhaust port, the working medium compression device, the air-cooling radiator, the liquid storage tank and the working medium booster pump are sequentially communicated with the geothermal evaporator; and the prime motor is respectively communicated with the working medium compression device and the air-cooling radiator through a three-way reversing valve. The invention has the advantages that a substance with a lowboiling point is used as a working medium for power and refrigeration circulation, the medium-temperature and low-temperature geothermal heat can be used as a heat source for evaporation of the working medium, solar energy is adopted as an overheating source for the working medium, and the geothermal evaporator is arranged in a downhole. The circulating working medium is delivered into the evaporator at the bottom of a geothermal well for evaporation to absorb heat of geothermal fluid, geothermal hot water needs not to be pumped to the surface, the evaporation temperature of the working medium can be increased, well backfilling can be eliminated, corrosion and scaling can be reduced, and the service life of the system can be prolonged. Moreover, the system has a simple and reasonable structure and good economical performance in heat for power generation.

A heat exchange circuit for a geothermal plant comprising a well excavated in the rock, a casing arranged inside the well, integral with it and comprising at least a first perforated section extending along a first portion of the well and at least a second perforated section extending along a second portion of the well, the perforated sections allowing the exit and the entry of a flow of geothermal fluid contained in an aquifer, an internal duct, located inside the casing in which a heat transfer fluid flows, wherein the well, the casing and the internal duct being arranged as a substantially closed ring, except for at least one surface interruption, at least one heat-exchange section at the bottom of the well between the first portion and the second portion of the well within which the geothermal fluid transfers heat to the heat transfer fluid.

The present invention provides a water lubricated line shaft bearing assembly, comprising an outer annular steel shell and an inner layer made of low friction material attached to the outer shell, the inner layer having a non-uniform thickness which is formed with wall portions of increased thickness defining a plurality of shaft engaging portions and with wall portions of reduced thickness defining a plurality of lubricant passages. The shaft engaging portions are capable of being journalled on a line shaft adapted to drive a downhole geothermal production pump and the steel shell is engageable with an inner wall of a lubrication tube vertically extending through a water column through which pumped geothermal fluid is delivered, lubrication water bled from the pumped geothermal fluid being used to supply lubrication water through the lubricant passages. The steel shell has sufficient compressive strength to withstand the stress imposed by the high rotational speed of the line shaft of the geothermal production pump. The low friction material of the inner liner allows solid debris present or entrained in the lubrication water to slide over the inner line. Solid debris is prevented from accumulating due to the presence of the passages through which the lubrication water flows.

Corrosion inhibiting and management systems and for methods of making and using same are presented, where the corrosion systems comprise a reaction product or mixture of reaction products of medium to high carbon count phosphate ester or mixture of medium to a high carbon count phosphate esters and an amine or mixture of amines and where the reaction product or products form a partial or complete coating on surfaces of pipe, piping, pipeline, flowline, and other downhole equipment in contact with aqueous and non-aqueous fluids to protect the surfaces from corrosion at temperature up to up to 750° F. (398.9° C.), and especially, for use in applications using low to moderate temperature geothermal fluids.

The present disclosure is directed to geothermal power generation systems. The systems can comprise a first separator is in fluid communication with the geothermal fluid source, the first separator having a high pressure steam outlet and a liquid fraction outlet. A high pressure turbine is in fluid communication with the high pressure steam outlet and is coupled to a first power generator. A high pressure condenser is in fluid communication with the high pressure turbine. A low pressure separator is in fluid communication with the liquid fraction outlet of the first separator, the low pressure separator being capable of separating steam from the liquid fraction outflow and providing low pressure steam through a low pressure steam conduit. A low pressure turbine is in fluid communication with the low pressure steam conduit, the low pressure turbine being coupled to a second power generator. A main condenser is in fluid communication with the low pressure turbine. Methods for generating geothermal power are also discussed.

A system, apparatus and method for generating electricity from renewable geothermal, wind, and solar energy sources includes a heat balancer for supplementing and regulating the heat energy fed to a turbine generator; a hydrogen-fired boiler for supplying supplementary heat; and an injection manifold for metering controlled amounts of superheated combustible gas into the working fluids to optimize efficiency.Wind or solar power may be converted to hydrogen in an electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen. A phase separator unit that operates by cavitation of the geothermal fluids removes gases from the source fluid. A pollution prevention trap may be used to remove solids and other unneeded constituents of the geothermal fluids to be stored or processed in a solution mining unit for reuse or sale. Spent geothermal and working fluids may be processed and injected into the geothermal strata to aid in maintaining its temperature or in solution mining of elements in the lithosphere.

A method for producing power from geothermal fluid includes: separating the geothermal fluid in a flash tank into geothermal vapor comprising steam and non-condensable gases, and geothermal brine; supplying the geothermal vapor to a vaporizer; vaporizing a preheated motive fluid in the vaporizer using heat from the geothermal vapor to produce heat-depleted geothermal vapor and vaporized motive fluid, wherein the heat content in the geothermal vapor exiting the flash tank is only enough to vaporize the preheated motive fluid in the vaporizer; expanding the vaporized motive fluid in a vapor turbine producing power and expanded vaporized motive fluid; condensing the expanded vaporized motive fluid in a condenser to produce condensed motive fluid; and preheating the condensed motive fluid in a preheater using heat from the heat-depleted geothermal vapor and the geothermal brine, thereby producing the preheated motive fluid, make-up water and heat-depleted geothermal brine.

The present disclosure provides a hydrothermal geothermal development method of multilateral well closed circulation, comprises the steps of: dividing a geothermal reservoir into single layers according to geothermal reservoir geological conditions, wherein an upper single layer with a lower water temperature and a higher permeability is taken as a recharge layer, and a lower single layer with a higher water temperature is taken as a production layer; tripping a production casing, and injecting cement for well cementation; performing casing lateral windowing in a vertical hole corresponding to the recharge layer, and drilling several branch radial horizontal holes into the recharge layer; performing casing lateral windowing in the vertical hole corresponding to the production layer, and drilling several branch radial horizontal holes into the production layer; tripping a guiding pipe into the production casing of the vertical hole, with a depth thereof reaching a well section between the recharge layer and the production layer; tripping a packer at a guiding shoe to isolate the guiding pipe and an annulus of the casing from each other, so as to prevent geothermal fluid of the recharge layer and the production layer from being communicated with each other in the vertical hole.

A geothermal power system includes a steam turbine and a closed loop working fluid system having a preheater, a vaporizer, a superheater, an expander, a condenser, and a pump and a working fluid disposed to pass sequentially through the preheater, vaporizer, superheater, expander, condenser, and pump. Geothermal fluid is separated into a steam stream and a brine stream. The steam is expanded across the steam turbine to generate power, and thereafter exhaust from the steam turbine passes through the vaporizer to vaporize the working fluid. Geothermal brine is first used to heat vaporized working fluid in the superheater and is then used to preheat liquid working fluid in the preheater.

The invention concerns a method and apparatus for producing silica concentrates from geothermal fluids containing at least 300 ppm silica, by passing the fluid at a temperature above 80° C. and at a pH reduced to between 4.0 and 7.5 through a reverse osmosis membrane. In the diagram, geothermal fluid (I) is passed to a separator (2) to be flashed to produce steam (3) and separated geothermal water (SGW) (4). The SGW (4) is passed to a heat exchanger (5) then inlet pump (7). Acid is introduced to the geothermal fluid flow at a dosing means (6) to reduce the pH and an anti-sealant may also be introduced. The geothermal fluid is then passed to a reverse osmosis unit (8) to produce a concentrate (9) and a permeate (10). Following reverse osmosis, the concentrate and permeate may be treated with other processes to produce the desired product and concentration. For example, if precipitated silica is produced, the concentrate is passed to a curing tank (11) and to a thickener (12). The precipitated silica is collected (13) while the retained fluid is removed (14).

The invention discloses a bypass type gas-liquid separation type geothermal energy productivity testing system. The bypass type gas-liquid separation type geothermal energy productivity testing systemcomprises a production well, a wellhead valve, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a cooling tower, a cooling pump, a pressure pump and a recharge well, wherein an inlet of the wellhead valve communicates with a heat source outlet of the production well, and the tail end is provided with a tee joint; one outlet of the tee joint communicates with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and anotheroutlet of the tee joint communicates with the recharge well; a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator communicates with an inlet of the pressure pump; a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator communicates with an inlet of the condenser; a gas outlet of the condenser communicates with the atmosphere; a condensed water outlet of the condenser communicates with an inlet of the cooling tower; an outlet of the cooling tower communicates with an inlet of the cooling pump; an outlet of the cooling pump communicates with a condensate water inlet of the condenser; a liquid outlet of the condenser communicates with an inlet of the pressure pump; and an outlet of the pressure pump communicates with the recharge well. The bypass type gas-liquid separation type geothermal energy productivity testingsystem is provided with the wellhead valve, the outlet flow rate is adjusted, and the flow and the composition of the geothermal fluid at the wellhead and the geothermal energy productivity value areobtained.

The invention relates to a geothermal generating set, which comprises a geothermal fluid, wherein the geothermal fluid is connected with a heat exchange box through a heat pipe, and a steam guide pipe is arranged at one end of the heat exchange box and is connected with a turbine; and the turbine is also connected with a generator, and a low-boiling-point refrigerant is arranged in the heat exchange box and adopts chloroethane, n-butane, isobutane and other fluoride-free refrigerants. The geothermal fluid supplies heat energy to the whole set of power generating device, and the heat is leaded out to a heat dissipation end by heating the heat collecting end of a heat pipe; the heat dissipation end is positioned in the heat exchange box, and the low-boiling-point refrigerant is filled inside the heat exchange box and is used as a secondary heat source to heat the heat dissipation end; the low-boiling-point refrigerant is converted into a steam state to enter the turbine through the steam guide pipe, so that the turbine is driven to do work and rotate to convert heat energy into mechanical energy; the turbine and the generator are coaxial, and thus the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy to be output; and the heat energy utilization rate is high, and the energy transfer process is pure. The geothermal generating set has a good practical application value.

In accordance with the present invention, a method is provided for increasing the output of a geothermal steam turbine power plant comprising the steps of: providing a separate, additional flash separator that produces the steam for operating the non-condensable gas ejector; supplying all the geothermal steam produced by the main high-pressure flash separator to a high-pressure geothermal steam turbine; and whereby high-pressure geothermal fluid is supplied to both said separate, additional flash separator and said main high-pressure flash separator from the same production well in a pumped geothermal system. Furthermore, according to the present invention, apparatus is also provided for increasing the output of a geothermal steam turbine power plant comprising: a separate, additional flash separator that produces steam for operating the non-condensable gas ejector; supply means that ensures that all the geothermal steam produced by the main high-pressure flash separator is supplied to a high-pressure geothermal steam turbine; and a production well in a pumped geothermal system that supplies high-pressure geothermal fluid to both said separate, additional flash separator and said main high-pressure flash separator.

A system, apparatus and method for generating electricity from renewable geothermal, wind, and solar energy sources includes a heat balancer for supplementing and regulating the heat energy fed to a turbine generator; a hydrogen-fired boiler for supplying supplementary heat; and an injection manifold for metering controlled amounts of superheated combustible gas into the working fluids to optimize efficiency.Wind or solar power may be converted to hydrogen in an electrolysis unit to produce hydrogen. A phase separator unit that operates by cavitation of the geothermal fluids removes gases from the source fluid. A pollution prevention trap may be used to remove solids and other unneeded constituents of the geothermal fluids to be stored or processed in a solution mining unit for reuse or sale. Spent geothermal and working fluids may be processed and injected into the geothermal strata to aid in maintaining its temperature or in solution mining of elements in the lithosphere.

An energy-extracting mine ventilation system comprises: a ventilation unit for conditioning the intake air of a mine; a network of pipes installed in at least one cavity of the mine, the network of pipes comprising a geothermal fluid circulating therethrough wherein the network is in contact with a minefill material within the cavity and a rock mass; wherein the minefill material transfers energy between the rock mass of the at least one cavity and the thermal fluid; and a heat exchanger unit in fluid communication with the network of pipes and extracting the energy from the thermal fluid The heat exchanger unit is configured to transfer extracted energy directly or indirectly to the ventilation unit in order to condition the intake air of the mine, The extracted energy can be used in a variety of other applications, such as district heating, acid leaching, and water heating.