The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines and relates to a paclitaxel-entrapped biodegradable nanocomposite and a preparation method thereof. A paclitaxel polyethylene glycol-poly trimethylene carbonate (PEG-PTMC) nanocomposite is prepared by adopting an emulsification/solvent evaporation method, and by taking a PEG-PTMC copolymer as a carrier, paclitaxel is entrapped in a hydrophobic core of PTMC. The solubility of the paclitaxel can be effectively increased by the prepared paclitaxel PEG-PTMC nanocomposite, and a PEG long chain of a carrier material can take effect of invisibility, and thereby, the phagocytosis of an in-vivo reticulo-endothelial system is avoided. The nanocomposite has a long circulation effect, and the half-life period of the nanocomposite in blood can be prolonged. Moreover, through controlling the grain size of the nanocomposite, a passive targeting effect on a tumor tissue is realized, and thereby, a treatment effect is improved. As the nanocomposite does not contain Cremophor El or ethanol, compared with commercially available paclitaxel injections, the toxic and side effects of the nanocomposite can be reduced, and the safety of the nanocomposite in clinical application is enhanced.