This invention discloses a method for testing errors of a single board including: 1, setting a heartbeat signal register on the board and operating on it on line, 2, writing specific heartbeat values alternatively in the register in a period of time, 3, FPGA fetches the heartbeat values and outputs the heartbeat signals to a test bus, 4, judging if the software works normally, if so, the work is continued, otherwise, it writes in abnormal heartbeat value or stops writing the value in the register to execute step 7, 5, carrying out writing and reading operation to the register in a main service chip and comparing if the values are consistent to judge if said chip works normally, 6, if so, the work is continued, otherwise, it writes the abnormal value or stops writing the value in the register, 7, judging if the signal is all right, if so, it returns to step 2, otherwise, the error of the single board is output.