68results about "Power measurement by using square-law characteristics" patented technology

A high-frequency circuit for use in a dual-band wireless communications apparatus selectively using first and second frequency bands, comprising a diplexer connected to the output of a power amplifier for sending either one of transmission signals in the first and second frequency bands to an antenna, a coupler having a primary line connected to a common end of the diplexer and a secondary line, a detector comprising a detection diode for detecting a transmission power of a high-frequency signal sent from the secondary line of the coupler, and a harmonics-suppressing circuit disposed between the secondary line of the coupler and the detection diode.

A high-frequency circuit for use in a dual-band wireless communications apparatus selectively using first and second frequency bands, comprising a diplexer connected to the output of a power amplifier for sending either one of transmission signals in the first and second frequency bands to an antenna, a coupler having a primary line connected to a common end of the diplexer and a secondary line, a detector comprising a detection diode for detecting a transmission power of a high-frequency signal sent from the secondary line of the coupler, and a harmonics-suppressing circuit disposed between the secondary line of the coupler and the detection diode.

A device with at least one channel for measuring high dynamic range, radio frequency (RF) power levels over broad-ranging duty cycles includes a power sensor circuit comprising at least one logarithmic amplifier; at least one directional RF coupler electrically connected to the at least one power sensor; at least one RF attenuator electrically connected to the at least one RF coupler; and at least one sampling circuit electrically connected to the at least one RF attenuator and the at least one RF coupler. The at least one sampling circuit performs analog-to-digital conversion of electrical signals received to provide digitals signals for measuring the RF power level in the at least one channel.

An RF power detector having a wide dynamic range may comprise a chopping amplifier and is configured to detect pulsed high frequency RF signals. The chopping amplifier controlled by a bias current regulator amplifies and chops an RF signal by periodically enabling and disabling the amplifier according to a system clock. The chopped high frequency RF signal feeds a Schottky diode biased to operate in the square law region for weak signals. The Schottky diode voltage is tapped and high pass filtered. The voltage drives a logarithmic and linear converter. The converter outputs are summed to produce an output voltage that is a repeatable and stable monotonically increasing function of the RF power.

The present invention describes a device for detecting the power of a first signal at a given frequency. The device comprises a first circuit means for detecting the envelope of the first signal and a second circuit means coupled to the first circuit means and suitable for generating a second signal proportional to the average of the envelope detected. The second signal is proportional to the square root of the average power of the first signal.

A remote radio frequency (RF) power sensing unit includes a first module and a second module. The first module may be configured to generate an analog signal representative of a power level of a radio frequency (RF) signal. The second module may be configured to (i) receive a particular frequency of a plurality of frequencies over a wireless communication channel from a device, (ii) generate a value conveying a magnitude of said power level of said RF signal in response to said analog signal, (iii) convert said value into a digital signal communicating said power level based on said particular frequency indexed into a table, and (iv) transmit said digital signal communicating said power level and information identifying said radio frequency power sensing unit over said wireless communication channel to said device.

A power detection device includes first and second power detection circuits configured to output a first and second detection signals, respectively, each including a half-wave rectifier circuit having a transistor, and connected to an RF input terminal, a ripple filter having a transistor and a capacitor, and configured to filter ripples of a rectified signal from the half-wave rectifier circuit, a transmission circuit having a pair of transistors, and connected to the half-wave rectifier circuit and the ripple filter to transfer the rectified signal to the ripple filter, and a constant current source having a transistor to supply a current to the half-wave rectifier circuit, the ripple filter, and the transmission circuit, and a subtraction circuit configured to receive the first and second detection signals and to calculate a difference between the two signals.

The invention provides a load traction system and a measurement method of the input end face power of a device under test. The method includes the following steps that: the S parameter of a source impedance adapter is obtained through a vector network analyzer; a signal source and a power amplifier are turned on, and the source impedance adapter and a load impedance adapter are placed at a predetermined position; the output power of the signal source is scanned in a predetermined range, and a power value corresponding to the output power is read from a power meter; the power value is transferred to the input end face of the source impedance adapter through de-embedding, so that the power of the input end face of the source impedance adapter can be obtained; and the input end face power ofthe device under test is calculated according to the S parameter and the power of the input end face of the source impedance adapter. With the load traction system and the measurement method of the input end face power of the device under test provided by the invention adopted, the input end face power of the device under test can be obtained in real time.

A measuring device having a detector with at least one detector element and, connected downstream of the detector, a DC voltage amplifier with at least one input (and at least one output. The DC voltage amplifier provides at least one negative-feedback path, which extends from its at least one output to its at least one input, wherein at least one further detector element is disposed in the negative-feedback path.

A temperature-compensated power detector for detecting variations in the power level of an RF signal. The temperature-compensated power detector includes a detector circuit and a temperature compensating circuit. The detector circuit detects the power level of an RF signal and provides an output voltage that corresponds to the power level of the RF signal. The temperature compensating circuit ensures that the output voltage of the temperature-compensated power detector is independent of changes in the temperature.

The invention relates to an embedded electric energy measuring method and an application extension method of a high voltage electrical switchgear and belongs to the field of intelligent high-voltage electricity. A high voltage intelligent electric energy measuring unit comprises a high-voltage current sampling device, a high-voltage voltage sampling device, an electric energy measuring module, a source unit and a wireless transmission module. The embedded electric energy measuring method and the application extension method are characterized in that the components of the high voltage intelligent electric energy measuring unit are respectively embedded inside the high voltage electrical switchgear to acquire an mA-grade standard current measuring signal proportional to the current of the switchgear and an mV-grade standard voltage measuring signal proportional to the voltage of the switchgear; and the mA-grade standard current measuring signal and the mV-grade standard voltage measuring signal are input into the electric energy measuring module to complete signal processing and electric energy measurement. The application of the high voltage electrical switchgear to pre-paid management and intelligent control is extended by the method. According to the invention, the electrical isolation of a high voltage switch is utilized, the manufacturing materials are saved, the occupied space is reduced, the measurement cost is greatly reduced, the embedded electric energy measuring method and the application extension method of the high voltage electrical switchgear are widely used for the high voltage electric energy measurement, the high voltage electric energy monitoring and the intelligence of the high voltage electrical switchgear, the safety operation coefficient is improved, and the functions of intelligence, electric larceny prevention, data acquisition and transmission are increased.

A variation of a threshold of diode-connected transistors is compensated for to maintain a constant rectification efficiency of a rectifier circuit, thereby enabling stable detection of a start signal. A constant voltage is applied to DC bias terminal of cascaded half-wave voltage doubler rectifier circuits (including MOS transistors M1 to M4 and capacitors C1 to C4) forming a rectifier circuit, and a voltage equal to the sum of the constant voltage applied to DC bias terminal 103 and a variation ΔVt of a threshold voltage of the MOS transistors is applied to DC bias terminal 104 of cascaded half-wave voltage doubler rectifier circuits (including MOS transistors M5 to M8 and capacitors C5 to C8) forming a bias circuit.

The present invention relates to a microwave power sensor based on a composite arched beam. The microwave power sensor comprises a substrate, a coplanar waveguide transmission line and a composite arched beam. The middle portion of the substrate is provided with the coplanar waveguide transmission line, the two sides of the substrate are provided with ground wires, and the composite arched beam isfixed on the ground wires through an anchor region and is located at the lower portion of the composite arched beam; the composite arched beam is formed by an elastic material at the middle portion and grapheme thin films coating the upper and lower portions, one sides of the upper layer of the grapheme thin film and the lower layer of the grapheme thin film are connected through the anchor region, the other sides of the upper layer of the grapheme thin film and the lower layer of the grapheme thin film are provide with two output ports, and the upper layer of the grapheme thin film and the lower layer of the grapheme thin film are respectively connected with output ports. The problem is overcome that a traditional beam structure cannot increase the beam length due to the limitation of the physical properties of the beam structure, the sensitivity of the sensor is greatly improved, and the precision of the microwave signal detection power and the stability of the system itself are improved according to the physical properties of the beam structure itself.

A power level identification circuit includes a power interface, a voltage conversion unit, a waveform detection unit, a signal pre-processing unit and a processing unit. The power interface receives electrical power and first signals indicating a level of the power. The voltage conversion unit receives the power from the power interface and converts the power. The waveform detection unit filters the power and obtains the first signals indicating power level. The signal pre-processing unit shapes the waveform of the first signals indicating power level and thereby generates second signals indicating power level. The processing unit identifies a level of the second signals indicating power level and switches to one of modes of the power level identification circuit corresponding to the identified level of the second signals indicating power level. A power level flag circuit and a power level supply system are also provided.

A measuring system for performing over the air power measurements is provided. The measuring system comprises, within a single housing, a detector module, comprising a detector input, a transmitter module, comprising a transmitter output, and an antenna. The detector input and the transmitter output are at least temporarily connected. At least the transmitter output or the detector input are at least temporarily connected to the antenna.

The invention discloses a coupling detector which comprises a back power coupler, a forward power coupler, a back detection diode circuit and a forward detection diode circuit, wherein the back power coupler and the forward power coupler are connected with a detected load, and are used for measuring forward power data and back power data of the detected load; and the back power coupler is connected with a back detection diode, and the forward power coupler is connected with a forward detection diode, so that the forward power coupler and the back power coupler are used for detecting the forward power data and the back power data and outputting the processed data. By the adoption of a double-coupling technology and connection of each coupling port with the corresponding detection diode circuit, when the dynamic range of measured power is large, extremely low insertion loss can be guaranteed; and meanwhile, a very weak signal coupled to each detection diode is precisely measured during low-power measurement, so that the measurement precision is improved.

This invention describes a method by which the output power of a circuit or system at any point can be efficiently and cost effectively sampled in a simple and broadband fashion for processing in a closed loop system for applications such as power level control in very broadband circuits. A divider circuit consisting of a selection of passive lumped elements is used to create a very broadband means of sampling the RF power level at any point in a transmission line. Unlike prior art schemes of this nature, this circuit does not rely upon extremely accurate element values and minimization of parasitic reactances. Used in conjunction with a balanced detector-logarithmic or other amplifier combination this invention result in a very broadband low cost simplified realization of the traditional costly bandwidth limited directional coupler-detector combination.

An unknown RF power is converted to a voltage by a detector (11). The voltage is converted to a number by a digitiser (12). A separate and fixed RF power reference (14) drives a second detector (15), whose voltage output is also converted to a number by the digitiser (12). The RF detectors are thermally coupled. Temperature variations in the RF power to voltage characteristic of the detector (11) are corrected by measuring the RF power reference (14) via the detector (15).

A radio frequency (RF) power detector includes a first circuit having a first rectifying diode with a first terminal coupled to a first power supply voltage node. The first circuit also includes an input terminal coupled to a second terminal of the first rectifying diode, a first transistor having a first collector coupled to the second terminal of the first rectifying diode and a first emitter coupled to a reference voltage node, and a second transistor having a second emitter coupled to the reference voltage node and a second collector coupled to a second power supply voltage node. The first circuit further includes a low-pass filter network coupled between a first base of the first collector and a second base of the second transistor, and a first output terminal coupled to the second collector of the second transistor.

A linear diode detector having an increased dynamic range and an improved sensitivity level is described. The linear diode detector includes a signal input that receives a sample of output power from a power amplifier (PA). A detector output provides a voltage signal that is usable by power control circuitry to maintain a constant output power for the PA. A rectifier diode has an anode communicatively coupled to the signal input, and a cathode that is communicatively coupled to the detector output. A low pass filter is communicatively coupled to the detector output to filter out high frequency components of a rectified sample of output power. The anode of a feedback diode is communicatively coupled to the detector output, and the cathode of the feedback diode is communicatively coupled to the anode of the rectifier diode in order to feedback a portion of the voltage signal to increase detection sensitivity.

The invention belongs to the field of radio frequency power measurement, in particular to a passing type power meter capable of achieving broadband power compensation by using an L & C circuit. A detector circuit of the passing type power meter comprises two paralleled branch circuits, wherein a first branch circuit is formed by connecting a coupling capacitance, a capacitance attenuation network and a capacitance detector branch circuit in series; and a second branch circuit is formed by connecting a coupling capacitance, a capacitance attenuation network and an inductance detector branch circuit in series. The key points of the invention are as follows: the L & C circuit is served as the detector circuit; and a one path of radio frequency power signals are respectively coupled by using a capacitance and an inductance to be divided into two paths of signals and the two paths of the signals are simultaneously detected. Since the resistance of the capacitance is inversely proportional to the frequency of a tested signal, the higher the frequency of the tested signal is, the less the resistance is; the resistance of the inductance is proportional to the frequency of the tested signal, the higher the frequency, the larger the resistance is; and the radio frequency power is in an inverse square relation with the resistance, the detector signals of the two branch circuits are synthesized in software, thereby achieving the flat measurement of the broadband radio frequency power.

A power amplifier circuit for amplifying an input signal includes an amplifying transistor and a power detection circuit. The power detection circuit includes a circuit for generating a signal which is directly proportional to the power level in the amplifying transistor. This may-be accomplished by generating a voltage proportional to the square of a current in the amplifying transistor and then averaging that voltage. In this manner, a more accurate indication of the power level in the amplifying transistor is obtained.

The invention relates to a microwave power sensor based on a solid support beam pressure resistance effect, which comprises a high-resistance silicon substrate, a coplanar waveguide transmission lineand a fixed beam are arranged on the high resistance silicon substrate; the coplanar waveguide transmission line includes a CPW signal line and a CPW ground line, and a fixed support beam bridge pieris arranged between the CPW ground wire and the CPW signal line, the two ends of the fixed support beam are respectively fixed above the CPW signal line through a fixed support beam bridge pier, two ends of the fixed support beam are connected with the high-resistance silicon substrate through a fixed support beam bridge pier, and right above the CPW signal line, the upper surface and lower surfaces of the fixed support beam is provided with a metal mass block. When the microwave power sensor is working, the deformation of the fixed beam causes the surface stress of the fixed beam to change, and the value of the diffusion resistance changes. The voltage change between the nodes is measured by the Huygens bridge method. The microwave power value can be directly measured. The microwave powersensor has the advantages of novel structure, easy integration, wide measurement range and high measurement precision.

An RMS-DC converter includes a chopper-stabilized square cell that eliminates offset, thus enabling high-bandwidth operation. The chopper-stabilized offset requires only a small portion of the circuitry (i.e., a single component square cell) which operates at high frequencies, and is amenable to using high-bandwidth component square cells. Using the chopping technique minimizes required device sizes without compromising an acceptable square cell dynamic range, thereby maximizing the square cell bandwidth. The RMS-DC converter consumes less power than conventional RMS-to-DC converters that requires a high-frequency variable gain amplifier.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of non-real-time on-chip load traction measurement, and provides a method for obtaining a power calibration model and terminal equipment. The method comprises the steps: obtaining an S parameter and a reflection coefficient of each assembly in an on-chip load traction system; based on different source powers of a signal source in the on-chip load traction system, calibrating the output power of a straight-through piece connected into the on-chip load traction system, and obtaining the output power of each power measurement end surface of the straight-through piece and the input power of the straight-through piece according to the S parameter and the reflection coefficient; constructing a power calibration model according to the output powerof each power measurement end surface of the straight-through piece and the input power of the straight-through piece; and using the power calibration model for power measurement, so that the outputpower can be calibrated before the output power is measured in a non-linear state. The system measurement index and performance during power device measurement can be improved, and the complexity of the measurement process is reduced.

A wireless electric power sensing device can include a communication unit configured to communicate with an external device; a measuring unit configured to measure power consumption information corresponding to a plurality of devices located within a target space; and a central control unit configured to detect a point in time when one or more square waves are included in the power consumption information, determine reactive power based the power consumption information, identify an electric heating device from among the plurality of devices within the target space based on a rate of change in the reactive power, determine when an operation time of the electric heating device exceeds a predetermined amount of time based on a change in the power consumption information, and in response to the operation time of the of the electric heating device exceeding the predetermined amount of time, transmit, via the communication unit, identification information for the electric heating device and information about the operation time of the electric heating device to the external device.