The invention discloses an online liquid level monitoring and automatic alarming method, system and device. The method comprises the following steps: S1, reading a plurality of preset collection periods, communication periods, liquid level parameters and alarm return difference parameters; S2, acquiring acquisition liquid levels D, comparing the acquisition liquid levels D with the liquid level parameters, and automatically adjusting an acquisition period and a communication period by utilizing comparison results based on a preset period adjustment strategy; and S3, acquiring a liquid level movement trend and a fluctuation range of the collected liquid levels D according to the plurality of obtained continuous collected liquid levels D, comparing the fluctuation range of the collected liquid levels D with each alarm return difference parameter to obtain the liquid level state of the fluctuation range of the current collected liquid level D, and sending alarm information based on a preset liquid level alarm strategy according to the liquid level state and the adjusted communication period. Alarm information can be sent in time, manual guard is reduced, the electric quantity of a battery can be effectively saved, and the service life of monitoring equipment is prolonged.