The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-based precise control method for diseases and pests of litchi, longan and
garden plants, and belongs to the technical field of
agricultural plant protection. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a
multispectral image and geographic information of an
orchard through an unmanned aerial vehicle; analyzing the image by using a
deep learning algorithm and an image recognition technology, recognizing a
disease and pest region and severity, and generating a
disease and pest prescription map containing
pesticide application parameters by combining a spectrum
database for comparison; and the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to the target area according to a path planned by the prescription map, controls the on-off and flow of the
nozzle according to the prescription map parameters and the real-time position, and carries out precise
pesticide spraying on the target area. The problems of
pesticide abuse, low efficiency and uneven coverage in traditional
plant plantation
pest control are solved, early recognition, accurate diagnosis and variable
pesticide application of
plant canopy pests in a garden, especially lychee and longan fruit trees, are achieved, and therefore the pesticide
utilization rate, the operation efficiency and the
control effect are remarkably improved, and the economic benefit is increased. And the labor cost and the
environmental risk are greatly reduced.