The invention discloses a sodium ion battery anode material and a sodium iron battery comprising the anode material, and belongs to the technical field of energy source materials. The sodium ion battery anode material comprises a conductive additive and Na3-xM2LO6, wherein x is greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than 2; M is one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, V and Cr; L is one or more of Sb, Te, Nb, Bi and P. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing sodium carbonate, M oxide and L oxide according to a stoichiometric proportion, ball-milling, calcining and ball-milling so as to obtain the sodium ion battery anode material. The sodium ion battery anode material has the advantages of high sodium storage capacity, good stability and excellent rate capability, and has extremely high energy density and power density; the assembled sodium iron battery has extremely good cycling stability, is green and clean, safe and environmentally friendly and low in cost, and is an extremely excellent electrochemical energy storage system; moreover, the preparation method of the anode material is extremely simple, and raw materials are low in price and easily available.