The invention discloses a central flue system. The central flue system comprises range hoods, an outdoor control system and a check valve control system, wherein an air outlet of each range hood is incommunication with a public flue through a respective smoke pipe, an adjustable check valve is mounted in each smoke pipe, a flue fan is mounted in the public flue, the range hoods are unpowered range hoods, the outdoor control system is used for controlling the rotating speed or frequency of the flue fan, the check valve control system is used for adjusting the opening angle of a valve plate ofthe adjustable check valve, and the check valve control system and the outdoor control system can communicate with each other. The invention further discloses a flow uniform distribution method of thecentral flue system, an extractor hood of the central flue system is an unpowered extractor hood, the rotating speed or frequency of the flue fan is adjusted through the outdoor control system, the opening angle of the valve plate is controlled through the check valve control system, the flow uniform distribution method only needs to preset the preset angles of the valve plate under two differentstarting rates, uniform flow distribution can be ensured through judgment of the startup rate, and the adjustment process is simple and efficient.