The invention discloses a
temperature control system for controlling
optical fiber temperature excursion and a control method of the
temperature control system. An aluminum
alloy cylinder is placed in the middle of a
glass fiber reinforced plastic cubic box, and a gap between the aluminum
alloy cylinder and the
glass fiber reinforced plastic cube is filled by
aerogel. Deionized water is fully filled inside the aluminum
alloy cylinder, an
optical fiber winder is submerged by the deionized water, and a sealing ring is added between the aluminum alloy cylinder and a cylinder cover for sealing. The outer surface of the whole cylinder is plated with silver coatings. A plurality of
layers of heat insulation materials covers the outer wall of the
glass fiber reinforced plastic cubic box of the whole device. The low
heat conducting performance of the multilayer, the
aerogel and the glass
fiber reinforced plastics is utilized, and the influence on the inside
optical fiber caused by external heat sources is prevented. Through the deionized water with great
specific heat capacity and aluminum alloy liquid with good
heat conducting performance adopted at the inside, the heating quantity generated by the optical
fiber per se is diffused as soon as possible, and in addition, the caused temperature is diffused as little as possible. The
temperature control system has the advantages that the temperature excursion of the optical
fiber is effectively controlled, and distance measuring signals transmitted to the
tail end of the optical fiber are enabled not to generate the
distortion phenomenon.