The invention discloses an engine driving device, including an active part and a passive part, wherein the active part includes an active shaft, an active sleeve, and an active wheel, and the inner hole of the active sleeve is a tapered inner hole; the passive part includes a passive sleeve and a passive wheel, and the passive sleeve is slidably sleeved on the active shaft, and the outer wall of the left section of the passive sleeve matches the tapered inner hole of the active sleeve, and a conical limiting convex ring is provided on the middle section of the active shaft, and a limiting groove is provided in the inner hole of the passive sleeve; a plurality of radial through holes are provided on the passive sleeve, and a short shaft is provided in each radial through hole; a plurality of radial locking inner holes are also provided on the outer wall of the left section of the passive sleeve, and a locking pin is provided in each radial locking inner hole; a plurality of radial locking outer holes are provided on the wall of the tapered inner hole of the active sleeve, and when the passive bearing is in the left limit position, the plurality of radial locking outer holes are connected and communicated with the plurality of radial locking inner holes. The invention has the advantages that the active part and the passive part can be quickly engaged or disengaged.