The invention discloses a fault detection system for an intelligent spinning and packaging production line. The system comprises a data acquisition module, a control module, a fault detection module,a storage module, a state display module and an information transmission module, wherein the control module is connected with the data acquisition module, the fault detection module, the storage module and the state display module through the information transmission module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the conveying state of each bobbin and images of the bobbins before and after single yarn packaging in real time, and the fault detection module is used for analyzing and detecting fault reasons. By means of the mode, the conveying states of all links on the packaging production line can be monitored in real time, faults can be found in time and automatically analyzed, measures can be conveniently taken in time, and the influence of the faults is reduced; in addition, image acquisition and analysis can be carried out on bobbins before and after single yarn packaging, faults of overturning and single yarn packaging links are further detected, the fault detection rateis increased, and the product packaging quality is guaranteed.