The invention discloses a softening treatment method of wheat straws. The method is simple and feasible, is high in working efficiency, is low in cost, can perform large-batch treatment, is safe and nontoxic, is free of environmental pollution, and saves the cost of 11.8%; the wheat straws are ultrasonically treated for the first time to quickly increase the structure water content for primarily softening cellulose; softening liquid contains multiple plant extracting agents, is safe, nontoxic and low in cost, and can be recycled; finally, waste liquid can serve as a fertilizer to be directly applied to soil, so that the effects of safety and environmental protection are achieved, and the planting cost is saved; the softening liquid enables the wheat straws to become soft, tough and smooth and to be easily woven, so that the working efficiency is improved, the weaving fracture rate is reduced by 7%, the weaving speed is accelerated by 10.2%, the wheat straws prevent mould and moth, resist storage, and generate no mould and moth for seven months under normal environment, and the storage cost is reduced; and the wheat straws are ultrasonically treated for the second time to remove a treatment agent therein, so that no treatment trace after drying is guaranteed, and the natural color and fragrance of the wheat straws are kept.