The invention discloses an intelligent anti-freezing solar water heater. The intelligent anti-freezing solar water heater comprises a water tank and is characterized in that the interior of the water tank is divided into a water purifying cavity, a water storage cavity and a heat storage cavity, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the left end of the water purifying cavity, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged at a position, close to the water purifying cavity, of the water inlet pipe, the tail end of the water inlet pipe is connected with a tap water pipe or a water pump and further connected with a liquid discharge pipe, a second electromagnetic valve is mounted on the liquid discharge pipe, a first flowmeter is mounted in the water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the lower side of the heat storage cavity, a third electromagnetic valve is mounted at a positon, close to the heat storage cavity, of the water outlet pipe, a second flowmeter is arranged in the water outlet pipe, a communicating vessel is arranged on the water outlet pipe, a purifying device is arranged in the water purifying cavity and comprises a quartz sand filtering device, an activated carbon filtering device and a cation softening device which are sequentially arranged from left to right, and a medical stone plate is arranged on the right of the purifying device. The intelligent anti-freezing solar water heater is simple in structure, convenient to use, capable of achieving intelligent freezing preventing and capable of fast discharging hot water and has a purifying function.