The invention relates to an installation structure of a wheel disc brake and a bogie employing the installation structure. The installation structure comprises wheel disc brakes, a frame, and a wheel set connected with the frame, the frame comprises side beams at two sides and a crossbeam for fixing the side beams at the two sides, two sides of wheels of the wheel set are provided with brake discs, the wheel disc brakes are provided with a front suspension device and a rear suspension device, the side beams are provided with installing seats, and the front suspension device and the rear suspension device are suspended and fixed on the installing seats. According to the installation structure, larger brake heat can be born, the installation structure is fixed on the side beams in a hinged suspension manner, the movement of the brakes is not influenced, the bearing intensity of the crossbeam is reduced, the internal structure of the bogie is more reasonable, the structure is compact, and the installation of the brakes is facilitated; besides, a rear installing seat employs a hollow round steel tube so that the weight of the rear installing seat is reduced, and the stress of vertical plates of the side beams can be reduced.