51 results about "Airy disk" patented technology

The bio-sample (e.g., a live cell) is labeled with a proper number of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is pre-co-doped with a controlled ratio of fluorophore donors and acceptors. Two laser pulses are applied to the bio-sample. The first laser pulse has a center wavelength near the peak of absorption spectrum of acceptors. The intensity of first laser pulse is adjusted such that FRET saturation occurs near the center of the focal spot. The focal spot of the first laser pulse is a diffraction-limited Airy disk that has the highest laser intensity in the center of the focal spot. The second laser has a center wavelength in the emission spectrum of acceptors and with a uniform intensity distribution throughout the focal spot. The fluorescence emission from acceptors after two laser pulses is from an area that is smaller than the diffraction-limited focal spot. Hence, a higher than diffraction-limit resolution is achieved.

In order to be able to take an image of a specimen emitting low light in a short exposure time by a cooled CCD at about 0° C., a low-light specimen image pickup unit has an imaging optical system forming a specimen image of a specimen having a point light source emitting a low light, and the low-light specimen image pickup unit further has an image pickup unit having a plurality of pixels receiving incident light, for taking an image corresponding to the specimen image. In the low-light specimen image pickup unit, the imaging optical system is telecentric to a side of the specimen image of the imaging optical system, and condenses the low light emitted from the point light source to form an Airy disk of a size which is substantially the same as a pixel of the pixels, or which is smaller than the pixel. Here, the pixel receives the low light emitted from the point light source.

The bio-sample (e.g., a live cell) is labeled with a proper number of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is pre-co-doped with a controlled ratio of fluorophore donors and acceptors. Two laser pulses are applied to the bio-sample. The first laser pulse has a center wavelength near the peak of absorption spectrum of acceptors. The intensity of first laser pulse is adjusted such that FRET saturation occurs near the center of the focal spot. The focal spot of the first laser pulse is a diffraction-limited Airy disk that has the highest laser intensity in the center of the focal spot. The second laser has a center wavelength in the emission spectrum of acceptors and with a uniform intensity distribution throughout the focal spot. The fluorescence emission from acceptors after two laser pulses is from an area that is smaller than the diffraction-limited focal spot. Hence, a higher than diffraction-limit resolution is achieved.

The invention discloses a super-resolution confocal ophthalmoscope based on an optical pupil filter and a dark field technique. The super-resolution confocal ophthalmoscope is capable of accurately acquiring super-resolution dark field images of retinas of living human eyes in real time, and comprises a beacon light source, an imaging light source, an optical pupil filter, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a Hartmann sensor, a deformable mirror, an optical filter and a photoelectric detection system. The beacon light source is used for correcting human eye aberrations; the imaging light source is used for acquiring human eye images. The operating method comprises the following steps: characterizing resolution according to Rayleigh criterion by using full width at half maximum, adding a two-zone type phase optical pupil filter at an illumination end, wherein the pinhole is equal to Airy disk size; allowing the pinhole to be equal to 1.5 times that of Airy disk size when the filter(s) is / are arranged at the imaging end or two ends, so that the diffraction limit condition can be realized when the transverse full width at half maximum is less than the pinhole of a general microscope equal to the Airy disk size, and the super-resolution image can be acquired at a super-resolution ratio. On the basis, the pinhole equal to the Airy disk size is translated by an Airy disk distance, the pinhole equal to 1.5 times that of the Airy disk size is subjected to central blocking or linear blocking, so that dark field imaging can be realized.

In order to be able to take an image of a specimen emitting low light in a short exposure time by a cooled CCD at about 0° C., a low-light specimen image pickup unit has an imaging optical system forming a specimen image of a specimen having a point light source emitting a low light, and the low-light specimen image pickup unit further has an image pickup unit having a plurality of pixels receiving incident light, for taking an image corresponding to the specimen image. In the low-light specimen image pickup unit, the imaging optical system is telecentric to a side of the specimen image of the imaging optical system, and condenses the low light emitted from the point light source to form an Airy disk of a size which is substantially the same as a pixel of the pixels, or which is smaller than the pixel. Here, the pixel receives the low light emitted from the point light source.

Provided is a duty ratio adjusting device of a 2D large-scale laser beam array. The device comprises a convex pyramid prism and a concave pyramid prism, wherein the convex pyramid prism and concave pyramid prism are arranged coaxially, the diameters of the two pyramid prisms are the same, the edge thickness of the two pyramid prisms are the same, and conical surfaces of the two pyramid prisms are complementary. The device can adjust the duty ratio of the 2D large-scale laser beam array, and further improve the brightness of far-field Airy points of coherent combination. The device has the advantages including wide duty-ratio adjustment range, convenient adjustment, simple and compact structure and high stability.

A microscopy high-resolution scanning method, including exciting a sample with illumination radiation focused at a point to form a diffraction-limited illumination spot so as to emit fluorescence radiation. The point is imaged in a diffraction image on a spatially resolving two-dimensional detector. The sample is scanned at scanning positions with increments that are smaller than half the diameter of the spot. An image of the sample with a resolution increased beyond a resolution limit of the image is generated from the data of the two-dimensional detector and the scanning positions. To discriminate between at least two predetermined wavelength ranges in the fluorescence radiation of the sample, Airy disks corresponding to the wavelength ranges are generated on the two-dimensional detector, the Airy disks being offset laterally from one another such that the diffraction image consists of the mutually offset Airy disks. The Airy disks are evaluated when generating the sample image.

A diffracting optical filter for use with telescopes provides a plurality of cells separated by opaque lines on an translucent substrate, the spacing of the cells proportionally spaced to match the Airy disk of a specific optical system for the telescope to aid observation through a turbulent atmosphere.

The invention provides a bilateral misalignment differential confocal ultra-long focal length measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of optical precision measurement. According to thebilateral misalignment differential confocal ultra-long focal length measurement method disclosed by the invention, in a confocal measurement system, large and small virtual pinhole detection areas are set via software on an Airy disk image detected by a CCD, subtraction processing is performed on two confocal characteristic curves detected by the CCD to sharpen the confocal characteristic curves,then bilateral misalignment differential subtraction processing is performed on the confocal characteristic curves to obtain differential confocal characteristic curves with high axial sensitivity, and then zero points of the bilateral misalignment differential confocal characteristic curve and a focal point of the confocal measurement system accurately correspond to the characteristic to preformhigh-precision focusing positioning on position points of a mobile measurement plane mirror in ultra-long focal length measurement, so as to achieve the high-precision measurement of the ultra-long focal length. Compared with the existing ultra-long focal length measurement method, the bilateral misalignment differential confocal ultra-long focal length measurement method provided by the invention has the advantages of high measurement precision, high ambient interference resistance, simple structure and the like, thereby having a wide application prospect in the technical field of optical precision measurement.

The invention discloses a method for measuring axial clearances of bilateral dislocation differential confocal mirror groups, and belongs to the technical field of optical precision measurement. According to the method, a small virtual pinhole detection area and a small virtual pinhole detection area are firstly set on an Airy disk image detected by a CCD in a confocal measurement system, and subtraction is carried out on two detected confocal characteristic curves to sharpen the confocal characteristic curves; bilateral dislocation differential subtraction is carried out on the sharpened confocal characteristic curves to obtain axial high-sensitivity differential confocal characteristic curves; characteristics accurately corresponding to zero points of the bilateral dislocation differential confocal characteristic curves and a focus of the confocal measurement system are utilized to carry out high-precision focus fixing and locating on inner and outer peak positions of a measured mirror group; and finally ray tracing compensation calculation is carried out to accurately obtain an axial clearance of the measured mirror group. Compared with the existing mirror group clearance measurement methods, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of being high in measurement precision, strong in environment interference resistance and simple in structure, and has a wide application prospect in the technical field of optical precision measurement.

A diffracting optical filter for use with telescopes provides a plurality of cells separated by opaque lines on an translucent substrate, the spacing of the cells proportionally spaced to match the Airy disk of a specific optical system for the telescope to aid observation through a turbulent atmosphere.

The point spread function determines the imaging properties of the optical system, and different point spread functions can achieve different imaging results. By introducing the Fermat helix into the Greek ladder photon sieve, the Fermat helix modulates the distribution positions of the sieve holes in the Greek ladder photon sieve to obtain the Fermat helix Greek ladder photon sieve. Through the imaging optical path based on the Fermat spiral Greek ladder photon sieve to generate multiple focal points in the axial direction, the function of different point spread functions of the multi-focal plane of a single device is realized, including anisotropic Airy disk and vortex focus, which can be applied to coherence Focusing and imaging from X-ray to terahertz band in light field. The first and third focuses are anisotropic Airy disks, which can achieve different resolutions in different directions for the input object, which helps to improve the resolution of the object's interested direction; the second focus is the vortex focus, The vortex focus can be used for optical trapping. In addition, when used for imaging, the radial Hilbert transform can be realized based on the helical phase filter, and the edge enhancement of the amplitude and phase objects can be realized.

The invention discloses a bilateral misplaced differential confocal ultra-large curvature radius measurement method, belonging to the technical field of optical precision measurement. According to themethod, in a confocal measurement system, firstly, large and small virtual pinhole detection areas are set through software on an airy disk image detected at CCD and two confocal characteristic curves detected by the CCD are sharpened through subtraction treatment, then, bilateral misplaced differential subtraction is executed for the sharpened confocal characteristic curve so as to obtain a high-sensitivity differential confocal characteristic curve; secondly, based on a null point of the bilateral misplaced differential confocal characteristic curve and a focal point of the confocal measurement system are accurately corresponding to the characteristics, high-precision focus-fixed locating is executed for each characteristic position point in ultra-large curvature radius measurement, andconsequently, high-precision measurement of ultralong focal length. Compared with the existing large curvature radius measurement method, the method provided by the invention has the advantages, suchas high precision, high environment interference resistance and simple structure, and has wide application foreground in the technical field of optical precision measurement.

The invention discloses a super-resolution confocal ophthalmoscope based on an optical pupil filter and a dark field technique. The super-resolution confocal ophthalmoscope is capable of accurately acquiring super-resolution dark field images of retinas of living human eyes in real time, and comprises a beacon light source, an imaging light source, an optical pupil filter, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer, a Hartmann sensor, a deformable mirror, an optical filter and a photoelectric detection system. The beacon light source is used for correcting human eye aberrations; the imaging light source is used for acquiring human eye images. The operating method comprises the following steps: characterizing resolution according to Rayleigh criterion by using full width at half maximum, adding a two-zone type phase optical pupil filter at an illumination end, wherein the pinhole is equal to Airy disk size; allowing the pinhole to be equal to 1.5 times that of Airy disk size when the filter(s) is / are arranged at the imaging end or two ends, so that the diffraction limit condition can be realized when the transverse full width at half maximum is less than the pinhole of a general microscope equal to the Airy disk size, and the super-resolution image can be acquired at a super-resolution ratio. On the basis, the pinhole equal to the Airy disk size is translated by an Airy disk distance, the pinhole equal to 1.5 times that of the Airy disk size is subjected to central blocking or linear blocking, so that dark field imaging can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for calculating the focal length and slit size of the optical system of a grating spectrometer. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an optical system of a space astronomical point source detection grating spectrometer so that the image quality of the optical system reaches the diffraction limit; Maximum wavelength λ max and the entrance pupil diameter D of the optical system to obtain the full width at half maximum FWHM of the star point image PSF at the slit; according to the full width at half maximum FWHM of the star point image PSF at the slit, the spectral sampling rate n and the pixel spacing p of the detector in the spectral direction to obtain the optical system The focal length f'; according to the wavelength maximum λ of the detection spectrum max and the entrance pupil diameter D of the optical system to obtain the size of the first dark ring of the Airy disk; according to the focal length f' of the optical system, the magnification δ of the optical system and the size of the first dark ring of the Airy disk, the width Ws of the slit is obtained. The invention determines the focal length and size of the optical system of the grating spectrometer for space astronomical detection, and can carry out the detailed design of the optical system of the grating spectrometer for space astronomical detection.

The invention relates to the technical field of super-resolution imaging, and discloses a method and system suitable for high-speed continuous super-resolution positioning imaging. The present invention first performs denoising and de-overlapping processing on the obtained original image to obtain the image to be processed; then uses the radiation symmetry method to locate the sub-pixel position coordinates of the brighter imaging molecules from the image to be processed, and obtains the position coordinates of the brighter imaging molecules The Airy disc model on the sub-pixel position coordinates; then subtract the Airy disc model on the sub-pixel position coordinates of the brighter imaging molecules from the image to be processed to obtain the sub-pixel position coordinates of the darker imaging molecules. The sub-pixel position coordinates are displayed, which realizes the real-time rapid analysis, processing and display of super-resolution positioning images, and meets the requirements of biological applications in terms of image analysis speed.

The invention discloses a method for measuring axial clearances of bilateral dislocation differential confocal mirror groups, and belongs to the technical field of optical precision measurement. According to the method, a small virtual pinhole detection area and a small virtual pinhole detection area are firstly set on an Airy disk image detected by a CCD in a confocal measurement system, and subtraction is carried out on two detected confocal characteristic curves to sharpen the confocal characteristic curves; bilateral dislocation differential subtraction is carried out on the sharpened confocal characteristic curves to obtain axial high-sensitivity differential confocal characteristic curves; characteristics accurately corresponding to zero points of the bilateral dislocation differential confocal characteristic curves and a focus of the confocal measurement system are utilized to carry out high-precision focus fixing and locating on inner and outer peak positions of a measured mirror group; and finally ray tracing compensation calculation is carried out to accurately obtain an axial clearance of the measured mirror group. Compared with the existing mirror group clearance measurement methods, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of being high in measurement precision, strong in environment interference resistance and simple in structure, and has a wide application prospect in the technical field of optical precision measurement.

The invention discloses a wide-band low-dispersion lens. Including the field of view beam confinement lens L arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side 1 , the first correction lens group L 2 and the second corrective lens group L 3 , the first corrective lens L 2 and the second corrective lens group L 3 Used to correct for on-axis chromatic aberration and spot size, and to control working distance. The working wavelength range of the lens of the present invention is from 210nm to 900nm, covering the deep ultraviolet to the near-infrared band; the paraxial dispersion spot is optimized to the Airy disk range, and the number of lens lenses is compressed and the chromatic aberration is reduced at the same time.