Provided herein include methods, compositions, isolated cells,
cell models, and kits suitable for use in profiling various
cell types in
amnion including
amnion epithelial cells,
amnion mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, as well as amnion stem cells including amnion epithelial stem cells and amnion mesenchymal stem cells. The present disclosure also discloses novel markers for various
cell types in human amnion, including marker genes, transcription factors and signaling molecules associated with various stages of amniotic development. The methods, cell models, and
gene signatures disclosed herein can be used for a variety of research, diagnostic, or therapeutic applications.