The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition which can prevent and treat pulmonary diseases. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components: menthol, bittersweet herb, licorice root, rhodiola rosea, black nightshade herb, american ginseng, radix astragali, rehmannia root, prepared rehmannia root, bighead atractylodes rhizome, muskmelon seeds, fructus lycii, fructus schisandrae, poria cocos, fructus chebulae, dried tangerine peel, spinage seeds, almonds, radix peucedani, radix ophiopogonis, ginkgo, radix codonopsis, radix stemonae, heartleaf houttuynia herb, chinese sage herb, ternate buttercup root, herba selaginellae doederleinii, coral skeleton, coix seeds, fried radix asteris, pinellia ternata, fructus psoraleae, radix scutellariae , herba epimedii, isatis root, rhizoma curculiginis, smoked plum, herba portulacae, bletilla striata, calculus bovis factitius, glossy privet fruit, rhizoma polygonati odorati, rhizoma pleionis, common coltsfoot flower, indigo naturalis, bunge corydalis herb, borneol, barbated skullcup herb, fritillaria cirrhosa, honeysuckle, dandelion, platycodon root, gecko, radix glehniae, manyleaf paris rhizome, cantharides, centipede, insect scorpion. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be made into plasters for internal use, tablets, capsules, syrup, granules, dripping pills, oral liquid, injections, etc.