The invention discloses application and application of an MSP
gene to regulation and control of the number of grains per
panicle of rice, the CDS sequence of the MSP
gene is shown as SEQ ID No.1, and the
amino acid sequence of encoded
protein is shown as SEQ ID No.2. The MSP
gene serves as a transcription inhibition factor to interact with a co-inhibition factor OsTPR2, specifically binds to a P4 site containing CArG-box of a downstream
target gene TAWAWA1
promoter, recruits
histone deacetylase to inhibit TAWAWA1 expression, and is used for regulating and controlling the number of grains per
panicle of rice. The rice
inflorescence morphology is regulated and controlled, and the
grain number per ear is regulated and controlled. According to the invention, a
promoter of a
glume protection /
glume specific
expression gene is fused with an MSP gene CDS to construct a fusion vector, and an msp
mutant is transformed, so that an incomplete complementary
plant with normal
glume protection, recovered grain size and maturing rate and higher
grain number per ear than that of a
wild type is obtained, and the defects that the grain of the msp
mutant becomes small and the like are overcome. The rice
inflorescence development regulation theory is expanded, and a theoretical basis and a new thought are provided for high-yield
molecular breeding.