The invention discloses a multifunctional positioning device based on a neural network. The multifunctional positioning device comprises a positioning module, a communication module, a gas sensing module, a lighting module, an LCD screen display module, an electricity measuring module, a power supply module, a USB charging module and a positioning base station. The LCD screen display module is respectively connected with the positioning module, the communication module, the gas sensing module, the lighting module and the power supply module, the electricity measuring module is connected with the lighting module, the USB charging module is connected with the power supply module, and the positioning base station is respectively connected with the positioning module and the communication module; the positioning module is internally provided with a neural network model. The system integrates multiple functions of positioning, voice communication, environmental gas monitoring, illumination, electricity measurement and the like, is internally provided with a positioning module optimized by a neural network model algorithm, improves the positioning precision, guarantees the advantages of small equipment size and low power consumption, is convenient for a user to carry, achieves the mastering of the comprehensive information of tunnel personnel by a monitoring main station, and improves the working efficiency. The occurrence rate of tunnel safety accidents is greatly reduced, and the personal safety of users in the tunnel is guaranteed.