The invention discloses an esophageal endoscope which comprises an outer tube, a camera, a light guide assembly, a high-pressure air tube and an exhaust tube. The high-pressure air pipe is provided with an air hole smaller than the inner diameter of the high-pressure air pipe so as to increase airflow pressure. The light guide assembly comprises an illuminating lamp assembly and a light guide part, the light guide part comprises a light guide wire and a light gathering head used for gathering light, the light guide wire is connected with the light gathering head, the light gathering head is conical, a groove used for containing an illuminating lamp is formed in the middle of the light gathering head, and the illuminating lamp assembly is placed in the groove and fixedly connected with the light gathering head; the diameter of the exhaust pipe is larger than that of the high-pressure air pipe, and the camera, the light guide wire, the high-pressure air pipe and the exhaust pipe are all placed in the outer pipe. An illuminating lamp is changed into the light guide assembly, so that the endoscope can be thinner, the high-pressure gas pipeline is arranged, an air column is formed in front of the esophageal endoscope, a diseased region is expanded for observation, fester at the diseased region can be blown away, meanwhile, the front of the camera is kept clean, and observation of the camera is prevented from being interfered.