82results about How to "Large adsorption surface area" patented technology

The invention discloses a biomass-based nanometer lanthanum oxide dephosphorization composite adsorbent and a preparation method thereof. According to the composite adsorbent, biomass anion exchange resin is taken as a matrix, and nanometer lanthanum oxide is loaded on the biomass anion exchange resin; the load of the nanometer lanthanum oxide is 0.5 to 22.6 percent by weight percentage of lanthanum; the biomass anion exchange resin is alkali quaternary ammonium group-contained biomass anion exchange resin, and is prepared by performing aminated modification on a biomass material by taking N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent, epichlorohydrin as an etherifying agent and trimethylamine or triethylamine or urea as an aminating agent; the biomass material is selected from maize straw, soybean straw, cassava straw, rice straw, wheat straw, bamboo reed, saw dust or a mixture thereof. The composite adsorbent disclosed by the invention is low in cost and high in adsorption capacity.

The invention discloses a cigarette filter tip composite material, which is characterized by consisting of the following components in percentage by mass: 30 to 90 percent of polylactic acid fibers and 10 to 70 percent of cellulose acetate fibers which form a network structure through splitting and physical entanglement and the adhesion of surface points. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the cigarette filter tip composite material. The polylactic acid fibers selected by the invention have the advantages of abundant sources, low cost and good processability, and the polylactic acid fibers are used to replace part of the cellulose acetate fibers and are used as the cigarette filter tip composite material, so that the production cost of cigarette filter tips can be reduced greatly, the production efficiency is improved, and the problems of environmental contamination, resource shortage, high cost and the like which are caused by the production of the cellulose acetate fibers are reduced. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and mature process and easy operation.

The invention relates to a method for adsorbing uranium by using macroporous poly-N-isopropylacrylamide/chitosan semi-interpenetrating network temperature-sensitive hydrogel. The method comprises the following steps: by utilizing emulsion polymerization means, taking Span-80 as an emulsifier, taking N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a cross-linking agent, taking ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator, and taking N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) as an accelerant, preparing the macroporous poly-N-isopropylacrylamide/chitosan semi-interpenetrating network temperature-sensitive hydrogel under certain conditions, and researching and measuring the adsorption performance of the hydrogel on uranium. Compared with the traditional gel and pore-free gel, the hydrogel disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, good swelling properties, large adsorption surface area, controllable adsorption and desorption processes, high uranium adsorption quantity and the like.

An adsorptive separation method for removing ethylene and CO2 from the gas mixture features that in a pressure-varying adsorption system composed of at least two adsorption beds filled by adsorbent chosen from activated carbon, aluminium oxide, silica gel and molecular sieve, easy cycle of adsorption bed includes sequentially such steps as adsorption and at least one lowering of pressure, reversely releasing pressure, vacuumizing or flushing, or at least one increasing of pressure.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrum coupling, and provides a test method for detection of tea polyphenol and flavonoid constituents of golden camellia. The test method comprises solid-phase extraction adsorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrum coupling detection, wherein the solid-phase extraction is carried out by a stirring rod in a direct stirring manner; the stirring rod is coated with a graphene-polymer coating on the basis of two-dimension or three-dimension; the materials of thegraphene-polymer coating comprise graphene and a graphene modified material; thegraphene modified material comprises graphene oxide, graphene-polyethylene glycol dimethyl acrylic ester, graphene-polypyrrole, graphene-polymethyl trimethoxy silane and a graphene nanomaterial. The test method for detection of tea polyphenol and flavonoid constituents of golden camellia has the characteristics of correct detection, high sensitivity, good preferential adsorption effect and long service life.

The invention provides environment-friendly all-permeable water-permeable concrete based on waste concrete and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring 80-93% of a waste concrete regenerated aggregate, 5-15% of degradable waste plastic granules and 2-7% of dried spherical sludge granules from water plants, and after the raw materials are mixed uniformly, adding a part of blend water until the surface of the aggregate is wet; (2) successively adding a cementing material and a mixture liquid of the rest blend water and an additive, and stirring the raw materials until the surface of the mixture is bright; (3) successively paving the mixture according to the sequences of a porous cement stable layer, a water-permeable lower surface layer and a water-permeable upper surface layer, and pressing the paved mixture to form environment-friendly all-permeable colorful water-permeable concrete. The preparation method employs low-cost waste materials as raw materials and is simple in processes. The water-permeable concrete can adsorb nutrients in rainwater, is high in strength, has good water permeability, and is not liable to be blocked.

The invention provides a lithium-sulfur battery positive host material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode host material is of a core-shell structure, a core of the core-shell structure is a cobalt metal organic framework, and a shell of the core-shell structure is organic ligand doped bimetal hydroxide; the double-metal hydroxideis cobalt-nickel hydroxide and/or cobalt-zinc hydroxide. The core of the core-shell structure is not only beneficial to uniform distribution of elemental sulfur, but also high in graphitization degreeand high in conductivity; the shell of the core-shell structure provides a large adsorption surface area, and a large number of fine double hydroxides embedded into the sheet layer of the shell structure also provide a large number of polar adsorption sites, so that lithium polysulfide can be effectively adsorbed, the shuttle effect of a charge-discharge intermediate product polysulfide is inhibited, and the cycling stability of the lithium-sulfur battery is effectively improved.

The invention belongs to the field of solar cell surface reflection reducing systems, and discloses a light absorption composite structure. The composite structure comprises a silicon substrate and a plurality of optical grating nano pillar structures arranged on the silicon substrate, wherein the optical grating nano pillar structures are distributed in rows, and each optical grating nano pillar structure comprises a two-dimensional optical grating and a nano pillar, in which the two-dimensional optical gratings are in cuboid shapes, and the nano pillars are cylindrical respectively; center lines of the nano pillars pass through central points of the two-dimensional optical gratings; the bottom surfaces of the two-dimensional optical gratings are in contact with the top surface of the silicon substrate, and the bottom surface of the two-dimensional optical gratings and the top surface of the silicon substrate are fixedly connected together; the top surfaces of the two-dimensional optical gratings are in contact with the bottom surfaces of the nano pillars, and the top surfaces of the two-dimensional optical gratings and the bottom surfaces of the nano pillars are fixedly connected together. The composite structure consists of the two structures, namely the two-dimensional optical gratings and the nano pillars, and various effects can be generated, so that the absorbing performance of the composite structure for sunlight is improved.

The invention discloses a silicon nano-wire-polypyrrole composite material preparation method, which comprises: carrying out metal assisted chemical etching on a single crystal silicon wafer by usingsilver nitrate and hydrofluoric acid to form silicon nano-wires positioned on the single crystal silicon wafer and perpendicular to the surface, coating the surface of the single crystal silicon waferwith the mixed solution of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid and ammonium persulfate in a spin-coated manner, placing into a closed polymerization device, suspending the wafer above a pyrrole monomer solution, pumping to form a negative pressure, and polymerizing to obtain the silicon nano-wire-polypyrrole composite material. According to the present invention, the preparation method overcomes the disadvantages of the traditional liquid phase chemical polymerization method and the electrochemical preparation method, and has characteristics of simpleness, low cost and low power consumption; the synthesized polypyrrole film is dense and uniform; and the polypyrrole surface modified one-dimensional silicon-based gas sensitive material constructed by the method has high room temperature sensitivity and fast response recovery performance to specific gases.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a three-dimensional modified graphene filter screen. The preparation method comprises the following steps: treating a porous foamed metal serving as a substrate in a 0.05-0.5mol/L of inorganic acid (such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid) for 3-24 hours, preparing an aqueous solution of cobalt salt plus nickel salt (comprising carbonate, bicarbonate, oxalate, formate, acetate, propionate and oxalate), wherein the mixed molar ratio of the cobalt salt to the nickel salt is 1: (0.1-5), adding 0.5-5wt% of graphene and uniformly stirring; and putting the foamed metal subjected to acid treatment into a mixed solution, carrying out ultrasound for 30 seconds during soaking, moving out after 30 seconds, drying, and carrying out high temperature heat treatment. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the surface of the foamed metal is covered with cobalt-nickel oxide active materials and graphene by removing surface impurities and oxidation layers, carrying out solution dip dyeing and secondary drying in sequence, and the adsorption surface areas of the active materials are enlarged; the preparation process is simple and environmentally-friendly; and the prepared modified foamed metal has the advantages of large surface area, strong adsorption capability and the like.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous granular molecular sieve VOCs adsorbent. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 50-55 parts of HY molecular sieve powder, 5-10 parts of kaolin, 1-3 parts of a pore-forming agent auxiliary agent, and 1-3 parts of a pore forming agent; immersing CuNiO2/MS metal oxide obtained after impregnation, air atmosphere roasting, reducing atmosphere roasting and oxidizing atmosphere roasting in a composite solution of sodium alginate and pullulan, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-15 s. The CuNiO2/MS metal oxide subjected to impregnation, air atmosphere roasting, reducing atmosphere roasting and oxidizing atmosphere roasting is subjected to reduction treatment and then oxidation treatment, so that the CuNiO2/MS metal oxide has relatively strong reducing capacity and is easy to regenerate; a channel for conveying the adsorption gas is left after the thermal decomposition process of the auxiliary agent and the pore-forming agent auxiliary agent, so that the situation that the adsorbent structure is broken due to structural stress concentration caused by gas wrapping is avoided; and the VOCs adsorbent is coated with a composite membrane, and the repression and combination effects of the composite membrane are enhanced through short-time microwave treatment.

The invention discloses a composite structure used for silicon material surface and application of the composite structure. The composite structure includes a grating structure and nanowire arrays. The grating structure includes a plurality of cuboids arranged in parallel periodically. The distance between each two adjacent cuboids is fixed. The nanowire arrays are a plurality of cylinders arranged periodically and disposed on the top faces of the cuboids of the grating structures. The distance between the central axes of two adjacent cylinders disposed on the top face of one cuboid is fixed. According to the invention, through improvement on key shape parameters of the composite structure, light absorption efficiency of a silicon solar cell can be improved, manufacture cost can be reduced and the integral stability of the composite structure is improved. Besides, through adjusting the arrangement method of the grating structure and the nanowire arrays in the composite structure, the light absorption rate of the surface of the silicon solar cell can be regulated and fluctuation of light absorption rate due to difference of light wavebands is reduced.

The invention relates to healthy, environmental-friendly and functional interior wall material, namely, a coral powder ecological functional interior wall material. The coral powder ecological functional interior wall material is prepared from coral powder, talc powder, ash calcium, bentonite, quartz powder, polyvinyl alcohol powder, tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, vinyl acetate, titanium dioxide, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and antifoaming powder. The main raw (auxiliary) materials are inorganic materials with mineral components, and the master batchis calcined to form a porous structure. By adopting the tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whiskers, free harmful gases such as formaldehyde, toluene, ammonia and TVOC in air can be adsorbed in a long term, and a decomposing and purifying effect is realized to avoid harm to human health and pollution to indoor environment; due to the special functions of the product, the product has the characteristics ofair purification, indoor humidity adjustment, bacteria resistance and bacteriostasis, release of negative oxygen ions, release of mineral trace elements, long service life and the like; the physicalperformance indexes can be ensured to meet the requirements, and the due special properties of the product are obtained.

The invention provides a silicon nano-wire gas sensor element with characteristics of ultra-high room temperature sensitivity and ultra-fast room temperature response, wherein the silicon nano-wire gas sensor element contains a p-type or n-type single-crystal silicon wafer substrate and a platinum electrode, and a silicon nano-wire array sensitive layer integrating Ag nanometer crystal modification and rough surface structure modification is arranged between the single-crystal silicon wafer substrate and the platinum electrode. According to the present invention, the sensitivity, the responsespeed, the detection limit and other room temperature gas sensitivity performances of the silicon nano-wire array-based gas sensor can be significantly improved, and the ultra-high room temperature sensitivity and the ultra-fast room temperature response of the sensor to NO2 gas can be achieved.

The invention provides a method for treating domestic waste leachate tail water in an adsorption-coagulation way, belonging to the technical field of environment waste treatment. The method comprises the following steps of, firstly, biological treatment of domestic waste leachate; secondly, adsorption and decoloration treatment; thirdly, chemical coagulation treatment and the like. In the invention, by replacing granular activated carbon with powdery activated carbon and replacing a static filter process with quick stirring, under the synergism of adsorption and coagulation, the COD (ChemicalOxygen Demand) removal rate reach above 85 percent, the chroma is 40 times, and the effluent quality is good and reaches the national emission standard, thereby preventing the problems of blockage ofthe powdery activated carbon to a filter tank, floating residues in water and the like. The method is suitable for deep treatment of various domestic waste leachate tail waters.

A preparation method of a folding filter element capable of removing heavy metals is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a non-woven fabric from a fibrous polymer by utilizing melt-blowing equipment or electrostatic spinning equipment; (2) immersing the non-woven fabric into a reaction solution containing a heavy metal adsorbent for reaction to obtain a modified non-woven fabric; (3) washing the reacted non-woven fabric with pure water and drying; and (4) making the dried modified non-woven fabric into the folding filter element. Compared with the prior art, the folding filter element has the advantages that the removal effect is efficient and stable, the service life is long, the whole manufacturing process is simple, convenient and rapid, the cost is low, and large-scale production is easy to realize.

The invention relates to a biological antidiarrheal agent for pigs and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of animal healthcare products. The preparation method includes: selecting alkaline protease produced by fermenting Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC No.6102, brewer's yeast CGMCC No.11355, Bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.6101 and Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC No.11353, separated from a scavenger intestinal tract, which are collected strains, as main ingredients, wherein the Bacillus licheniformis DE is 15-30 billion cfu/g, the Bacillus subtilis K018 is 20-40 billion cfu/g, the brewer's yeast XDN-1188 is 5-15 billion cuf/g, nano montmorillonite is 200-300mg/g, the alkaline protease is 50-150U/g, and the biological antidiarrheal agent is prepared by taking glucose as a vector. The biological antidiarrheal agent can be used for daily breeding of pig industry, can be used as a raw material of feed and has quick treatment effect on piglet diarrhea.

The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and discloses comprehensive mineral separation equipment for weak magnetic minerals. The equipment comprises a rack, and a conveying device, a material uniformizing device, a magnetic plate, a distributing device and a spraying device which are mounted on the rack, and further comprises a magnetic conducting piece and a distributing device. The magnetic conducting piece comprises a fixing part, and the fixing part is provided with an extending structure extending upwards, and/or , the magnetic conducting part is provided with a flow guide part extending transversely, a strong magnetic part can attract the fixed part of the magnetic conducting part to the surface of an upper-layer belt, and the upper-layer belt can drive the strong magnetic part to move in the material guiding direction of an iron unloading belt. The distributing device and the material uniformizing device are sequentially installed on the rack in the material guiding direction of the iron unloading belt, the distributing device is provided with a discharging port facing the iron unloading belt, the distributing device is provided with a storage cavity for storing the magnetic conduction piece, the storage cavity communicates with the discharging port, and the magnetic conducting part can move to the surface of the upper-layer belt through the discharging port. Magnetic minerals carried up by water flow on the surface of the iron unloading belt can be effectively adsorbed and removed, so that weak magnetic minerals are screened more thoroughly.

The invention provides a preparation method for porous active silica gel, and relates to the technical field of silica gel production. In order to solve a technical problem that current silica gel haspoor adsorption performance for azo dye wastewater containing sulfonic acid groups. The method provided by the invention utilizes a precipitating method to prepare porous silica gel by using sodium silicate and ammonium chloride as raw materials, and the obtained porous silica gel is modified by utilizing pectin modified by an amino acid to obtain the porous active silica gel; and the prepared porous active silica gel has the effects of a quick adsorption speed, strong adsorption capacity and a high repeated utilization rate compared with conventional silica gel.

The invention discloses chitosan-modified sodium bentonite, a preparation method and an application and belongs to the technical field of modified bentonite adsorbents and water treatment. Chitosan is supported on the surface of sodium bentonite under the bridging function of chloroactic acid with a chemical reaction synthesis method, that is, natural sodium bentonite is firstly organically modified with chloroacetic acid and then reacts with alkalified chitosan, and chitosan-modified sodium bentonite is obtained. Compared with conventional mechanical mixing, the roughness degree of the material is increased through chemical modification, the number of O and N atoms capable of generating chemical adsorption is increased, the adsorption surface area is increased, so that modified sodium bentonite has excellent adsorption performance and heat performance, has the highest chrome azurol S adsorption rate reaching 99.8% at the normal temperature and can serve as an adsorbent to be used for treatment of wastewater containing a color developing agent or dye.

The invention discloses a preparation method of modified activated carbon for purifying formaldehyde in air. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) taking and putting polyene polyamine and a derivative thereof in a beaker and adding tap water or distilled water to prepare a certain concentration of solution; (2) taking a certain amount of activated carbon and adding in the solution prepared in the step (1) for stirring; (3) putting the beaker holding a mixed solution prepared in the step (2) in a water bath kettle to heat for 10-24 hours, wherein the heating temperature is 20-50 DEG C; (4) filtering the mixed solution heated in the step (3) to obtain activated carbon adsorbed with the polyene polyamine and the derivative thereof; (5) putting the activated carbon adsorbedwith the polyene polyamine and the derivative thereof and filtered in the step (4) in a drying box for drying to obtain the modified activated carbon. The modified activated carbon prepared by adopting the preparation method disclosed by the invention has good absorption performance of the formaldehyde in the air, is easily-available in raw material, simple in preparation method and can be widelyapplied to the air purification field.