The invention relates to a rigid-flexible coupling type microgravity environment simulation training device, which comprises a fixed platform, a flexible cable driving unit, an end effector bracket, an end effector, a flexible cable, a transmission mechanism between a servo motor and the flexible cable, a ball screw and a ball screw nut, and a force sensor bracket adjustable counterweight to the end effector, static balance and dynamic balance of the end effector on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are achieved, the motion mode of the flexible cable is controlled to be linear reciprocating motion, under the condition that it is guaranteed that the variable length of the flexible cable is enough, the structure is simple, the control precision of the flexible cable is easily improved, two force measuring sensors at different positions are arranged on the driving unit, mutual compensation is achieved, and the force measuring precision is improved. In a simulated microgravity environment, force interaction control between a virtual task object and an astronaut through an end effector is realized.