The invention discloses a self-floating alternating type water surface oil stain adsorption sheet, and belongs to the technical field of water body purification. A plurality of groups of lower oil absorption columns and upper oil absorption columns which are connected through a guide rope are arranged below an adsorption table, when the lower oil absorption columns reach certain adsorption saturation, oil stain is in contact with the inner side of an oil hydrolysis water guide part through the top end parts of the lower oil absorption columns, the oil hydrolysis water guide part is unblocked when meeting oil and overflows aqueous solution, after a hydrolysis column is in contact with the aqueous solution, an air guide hose is exposed and drives the lower oil absorption columns to move upwards under the buoyancy action of a floating ball, at the moment, the upper oil absorption columns at the other end of the guide rope falls down under the gravity of the upper oil absorption columns, and therefore, the lower oil absorption columns floats upwards automatically after adsorption saturation, so that the upper oil absorption columns alternately falls into a water body to continuously carry out adsorption on the oil stains, an alternating type column body adsorption mode is adopted, the adsorption area is increased to a certain extent, a certain distance can be reserved between everytwo oil absorption columns, and when the self-floating alternating type water surface oil stain adsorption sheet carries out oil stain adsorption on the water surface, the fluidity of the water bodyis prevented from being reduced.