30results about How to "Increased chance of infection" patented technology

The invention discloses bactericidal antiviral incense and a preparation method thereof, wherein the incense body comprises a substrate incense body which is prepared by mixing elm bark powder, an air freshening substance, and a bactericidal antiviral substance; the air freshening substance comprises one or more of clove, agilawood, agastache rugosus, sandalwood, and rhizoma cyperi; the bactericidal antiviral substance comprises one or more of radix angelicae, rhizoma atractylodis, and tarragon. The bactericidal antiviral incense comprises the following components by weight: 20-35 parts of elm bark powder, 10-30 parts of clove, 10-30 parts of agilawood, 10-30 parts of agastache rugosus, 10-30 parts of sandalwood, 10-30 parts of rhizoma cyperi, 10-35 parts of radix angelicae, 10-35 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, and 10-35 parts of tarragon. The incense has the characteristics of cold prevention, sterilization and disinfection, immunity improvement, pollution elimination, air purification, dehumidification and turbidity reduction, no western components, no harm to human body, and the like.

The invention discloses an intraperitoneal pressure monitoring system. The intraperitoneal pressure monitoring system comprises a catheter, a pressure sensor, a urine collection container, a syringe, a monitor, a first three-way switch and a second three-way switch, wherein the connecting end of the catheter is communicated with a first interface of the first three-way switch; the urine collection container is communicated with a second interface of the first three-way switch; a third interface of the first three-way switch is communicated with a first interface of the second three-way switch by a first extension pipe; the syringe is communicated with a second interface of the second three-way switch; the input end of the pressure sensor is communicated with a third interface of the second three-way switch; and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the monitor. The invention also discloses a method for carrying out pressure monitoring by adopting the intraperitoneal pressure monitoring system. The intraperitoneal pressure monitoring system and monitoring method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the pressure measuring result is accurate and reliable, the operation is simple and convenient, and the dynamic monitoring is convenient and the like.

A surface suture device for skin wound has two supporting tapes arranged at both side of wound and a basic band with multiple sets of C-shaped suture thread guiders with C-shaped hole for limiting the suture thread to pass through it. Its advantages are uniform suture force and small residual scar.

An agricultural chemical for preventing and killing pine moth is prepared from Beauveria bassiana (CGMCC No.1573) through slant culture, culturing in jar, culturing in bag, and mixing with nutritive wet material. It has high effect (70-80%) and no pollution.

The invention discloses a rapid blood glucose monitoring needle. The rapid blood glucose monitoring needle is used in cooperation with a remaining needle. The rapid blood glucose monitoring needle comprises a needle seat, a protective cap, a monitoring needle body and test paper. The needle seat comprises a needle seat inner cavity and an air cabin located on the side wall of the needle seat inner cavity and formed by a movable plate. The air cabin is communicated with the needle seat inner cavity through a connector arranged on the side wall of the needle seat inner cavity, a blood sampling groove is formed in the front end of the test paper and stretches into the needle seat inner cavity, the rear end of the test paper is provided with an induction sheet connected with a blood glucose meter, the induction sheet is arranged on the outer side of the needle seat inner cavity, the monitoring needle body is fixed to the front end of the needle seat and communicated with the needle seat, and the front end of the monitoring needle body penetrates through the protective cap detachably connected with the remaining needle and then stretches into a soft catheter of the remaining needle. Due to the fact that blood is sampled through the remaining needle, a blood sample is tested on a site, repeated puncture on the skin of a patient is avoided, the monitoring rate of vein blood glucose is greatly increased, and the mistaken puncture harm to an operator is avoided.

Provided is a fixed-quantity infusion device for nasogastric tube feeding. The fixed-quantity infusion device comprises an injector and an infusion device body, wherein the injector is provided with a piston rod. The injector is placed in a fixed groove of the infusion device body, a fixed-quantity control device is arranged on a push rod of the infusion device body, and a fixed-quantity adjusting device composed of an L-shaped limiting hook and an L-shaped limiting rod or a fixed-quantity adjusting device composed of a wedge-shaped sliding block, a threaded rod and nuts is arranged on one face, facing towards a trigger, of a handle of the infusion device body. The simplified structure can be obtained by adding scales on the push rod and removing the fixed-quantity adjusting device. The fixed-quantity infusion device is simple in structure, convenient to use and especially suitable for nasogastric tube feeding at home or nasogastric tube feeding of self-made homogenate, and fixed-quantity infusion can be achieved; the fixed-quantity infusion device can play a filtration role, avoid pipe blockage, reduce link contamination and avoid the opportunity of increasing intestinal infection; the tail end of the infusion device is connected with an outer pipe through the handle, the phenomenon that a joint falls off in the process of operation can be avoided, and the fixed-quantity infusion device is clean, economical and convenient to use.

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and relates to a uterine cavity compression hemostatic balloon catheter and a control system thereof. According to the uterine cavity compression hemostasis balloon catheter, a balloon and a balloon catheter are both provided with imaging rubber strips, so that doctors can quickly track and position the displacement of the catheter in a vagina and a uterine cavity at any time, and the operation is convenient and fast; after the balloon is inflated, the balloon is in an inverted pear shape, and in the balloon inflation process, exuded blood can be smoothly discharged out of the uterine cavity from a catheter drainage cavity and an outer surface of the balloon, so that blood clots are prevented from hindering the balloon to adhere tothe uterine wall, which influences the hemostatic effect. The uterine cavity compression hemostaticballoon catheter control system has the advantages of automatic control, safety monitoring and simple operation, can more intelligently and scientifically control the capacity of the balloon, ensures that the balloon can be tightly attached to the uterine cavity, and has a good hemostatic effect; the uterine cavity compression hemostatic balloon catheter can rapidly and accurately position, track and monitor safety.

The invention discloses a method and a device for sealing an edible fungi culture bag. A plastic rod, a sleeve ring and a sleeve cover and a method for sealing a bag opening are adopted for sealing, and the invention is characterized in that: the prepared culture material is mechanically conveyed to a hopper and is automatically packaged into a beveled polypropylene bag with the specification of 17cm*35cm*0.005cm by an automatic bag packaging machine; an operator takes a culture bag filled with materials down, rapidly puts the bag into a transfer container, timely inserts the plastic rod into a reserved hole in the culture bag and transmits the bag to the next process through a transmission belt; and the next operator sleeves a plastic sleeve ring on the bag opening, compacts the material surface, extracts the plastic rod, covers the sleeve cover and puts the bag into a sterilization trolley for high-pressure sterilization. The method and the device for sealing the edible fungi culture bag have the advantages of shortening the inoculation time, reducing the pollution, contributing to mycelia germination, greatly shortening the culture time, improving the utilization rate of mushroom houses, saving energy, reducing the cost and contributing to large-scale factory production.

The invention relates to a medical irrigating tube, in particular to a self-control pulse irrigating tube, which comprises a drainage tube. A filling-end pluggable joint and a drainage-end pluggable joint are respectively mounted at two ends of the drainage tube through adjustable valves, side through holes spirally arranged on the wall of the drainage tube, an elastic balloon is connected to thefilling-end pluggable joint in series, and the diameters of the side through holes are reduced sequentially from the filling-end pluggable joint to the drainage-end pluggable joint. Compared with theprior art, the self-control pulse irrigating tube has the advantages that high negative pressure is formed in the irrigating tube by the elastic balloon within a short time and irrigates blood clots or fall-off tissues which are attached to block the side through holes of the drainage tube under the negative pressure action; since the diameters of the side through holes are reduced sequentially from the filling-end pluggable joint to the drainage-end pluggable joint, irrigation solution is easy to flow to a focus region due to the fact that the side through holes close to the filling end are larger, and larger blood clots and necrotic fall-off tissue are not easy to be sucked to cause blockage due to the fact that the side through holes close to the drainage end are smaller when the irrigating tube is used for irrigating under normal pressure.

The invention discloses an entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale and a production method and usages thereof. The entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale is formed by adopting a strain of Pestalotiopsis olivacea to process a culture through primary solid strain culturing, secondary liquid culturing and third solid culturing. The production method thereof comprises the following steps of: 1) the primary solid strain culturing; 2) the secondary liquid culturing; 3) the third solid culturing; 4) naturally drying a semi-finished product in the shade until the water content rate is between 10 and 14 percent; 5) using a cracker to crack and requiring the grain diameters to be between 0.2 and 0.5cm; and 6) packaging. The entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale is mainly used for controlling pine greedy scale, and can also be used for controlling Oracella acuta and is suitable for both draught areas and humid areas.

The invention discloses a device for preventing blood and bone scraps from splashing in an operation, and relates to the field of medical protection devices. The device comprises a baffle and a support rod, the baffle is attached to a suction cup, the suction cup is connected with the support rod, a buckle is connected below the support rod, and is connected with a power swing saw, the baffle adopts a high-definition PVC plastic plate of 21*29.7*0.04 cm as a shielding material, and the baffle has moderate flexibility and toughness (i.e., strength) and can be changed at any angle according to the requirement of an operator, the high definition of the baffle avoids the situation that the operator cannot see clearly, the suction cup sucks the baffle so that it can be guaranteed that the baffle is unlikely to get loose in the operation process, the buckle is elastic and connected with the surgical instrument and the power swing saw, the swing saw and the baffle are connected into a whole, and the buckle can rotate by 360 degrees leftwards and rightwards. The operator can adjust the direction of the baffle by rotating the buckle, and the baffle can be adjusted leftwards, rightwards, forwards and backwards, so that the aim of preventing splashing is achieved. The appropriate toughness of the baffle can ensure effective coverage of an operation area.

A surface suture device for skin wound has two supporting tapes arranged at both side of wound and a basic band with multiple sets of C-shaped suture thread guiders with C-shaped hole for limiting the suture thread to pass through it. Its advantages are uniform suture force and small residual scar.

The invention discloses a visual hematocele cleaning device, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The device comprises a guide handle, a sight glass, an optical fiber flexible wire, a flushing hose, a suction hose, a flushing foot switch, a controller, a flushing peristaltic pump, a medical negative pressure bottle, a flushing parameter display screen, a flushing parameter adjusting knob, a pipe joint, a peristaltic pump special pipe, a shielding box cover plate, a shielding box body, a flushing peristaltic pump power interface, a flushing peristaltic pump source switch and a normal saline bag. The flushing hose, the suction hose and the optical fiber endoscope simultaneously move forwards close to the inner side of a skull according to guidance through the guide handle entering the head, the guide handle has the function of locking the positions of a catheter and an optical fiber, flushing and suction are achieved through rotation of the external guide handle, the whole hematocele area can be covered, and it is guaranteed that brain tissue is not damaged; the intracranial hematocele condition can be clearly observed through the optical fiber sight glass; the flushing intensity is adjusted through the pulse type flushing peristaltic pump, and backflow is avoided. The device is easy to use and convenient to operate.

The invention discloses a terminal automatic temperature measurement system and a temperature measurement method thereof. The method comprises the following steps that a terminal control module controls a terminal player to operate, acquires an operation state and performs unified management; an administrator inputs personnel basic information and personnel photos to a statistical analysis module;a person needing temperature measurement prepares to measure the temperature before walking to the terminal player; a face recognition module judges the basic information of the person needing temperature measurement or judges whether the person needing temperature measurement is a non-input person; the face recognition module judges whether the person needing temperature measurement is within the temperature measurement range of a temperature measurement module according to a position algorithm and parameters, and if not, prompt adjustment is conducted till the person is within the temperature measurement range; the face recognition module notifies the temperature measurement module to measure the temperature to obtain a temperature measurement value; and the terminal player prompts according to the corresponding personnel information and the temperature measurement value, and uploads the corresponding personnel information and the temperature measurement value to the statistical analysis module through a communication module. According to the invention, manual interception temperature measurement is not needed, extra manpower is not increased, the disease infection probability is not increased, and the accuracy is high.

The invention belongs to the field of ophthalmologic operations, and discloses a cataract ultrasonic emulsification and intraocular lens implantation method. In a cataract ultrasonic emulsification and intraocular lens implantation operation, a viscoelastic agent is used in two steps of capsulorhexis and folding intraocular lens implantation. In the capsulorhexis step, a capsulorhexis needle and an iris restorer are used and enter the anterior chamber from a main incision and an auxiliary incision respectively for continuous annular capsulorhexis operation, and it is guaranteed that the stability of the anterior chamber can be maintained without using a viscoelastic agent; in the step of implanting the folded intraocular lens, equilibrium liquid is injected from a surgical main incision to fill the anterior chamber and the capsular bag, the head of the intraocular lens implanting device abuts against the main incision to form a closed channel, the folded intraocular lens is implanted into the anterior chamber through the closed incision under the closed condition, and the safety of the step of implanting the intraocular lens is guaranteed under the condition that no viscoelastic agent is used for protection. According to the invention, no viscoelastic agent is used in the whole cataract surgery process, so that the side reaction of the viscoelastic agent to eyes is avoided; and the infection probability increased due to the fact that the instrument repeatedly enters the eyes is reduced.

The invention discloses a sanitary tampon, which comprises a bar-shaped body and a traction part, wherein the traction part is fixedly arranged on the body and is led out from the tail end of the body, and the body is made of columnar compressed modified polyvinyl alcohol porous foaming material which is expanded after menstrual blood is absorbed. The sanitary tampon has the advantages that the body structure is made of the compressed modified polyvinyl alcohol porous foaming material, and the body has a three-dimensional mutual through internal space structure, so compared with the cotton sanitary tampon in the prior art, the sanitary tampon has the advantages that the absorbing effect is better, the side leakage is avoided, the property of absorbing the integral menstrual blood is realized, the condensing and remaining of menstrual blood clots on the surface are avoided, and the infection opportunity of vagina and the like is reduced; any medicines, such as fluorescent agent and bleaching agent, are not added, so the safety in use is realized; in addition, as the compressed modified polyvinyl alcohol porous foaming material is not provided with fiber fluff tissue and has the degradable property, the falling of the fiber fluff on the vagina and uterus is avoided; the environment-friendly effect is better after use.

The invention relates to a finely-adjustable nasogastric-feeding quantitative infusion device which comprises an injector with a piston rod and an infusion device. The injector is placed in a fixing groove of the infusion device, and a quantitative control device is arranged on a push rod of the infusion device. A quantitative adjustment device is arranged on one surface, facing towards a trigger, of a handle of the infusion device. The quantitative adjustment device comprises a wedge-shaped slider and a nut, the wedge-shaped slider is arranged on one surface, facing the trigger, of the handle, and the nut is arranged at the bottom of the handle and provided with a threaded rod in a penetrating manner, one end of the threaded rod is connected to the bottom of the wedge-shaped slider, and the threaded rod is rotated to enable the wedge-shaped slider to slide on the surface, facing the trigger, of the handle. The finely-adjustable nasogastric-feeding quantitative infusion device is simple in structure, convenient to use, capable of realizing finely-adjustable quantitative infusion and particularly suitable for home or homemade homogenate intestine and stomach tube feeding, filtration effect can be achieved, tube plugging is prevented, link pollution can be reduced, and opportunity of intestinal infections is prevented from increasing; the tail end is connected with an outer tube in a handle manner, so that a port is prevented from disconnection during operation, and the finely-adjustable nasogastric-feeding quantitative infusion device is clean, economical and convenient.

The invention relates to a phlegm pumping pipe adapter having the switching function, which comprises a manifold, a switching module and a cover body. The manifold comprises a body and a pivot part. The body is composed of a base pipe and at least one take-over pipe. The base pipe is internally provided with an internal passage. The at least one take-over pipe is fixedly connected with the base pipe of the body. The at least one take-over pipe is provided with one through port. The through port is communicated with the internal passage. The pivot part is fixedly connected with the body to pass through one opening and connected with the internal space. The switching module is rotatably connected with the pivot part to comprise at least one communication pipe. The at least one take-over pipe is composed of one communication hole to be selectively communicated with the internal passage. The cover body is covered onto the pivot part.

The invention discloses a formed expanded polytetrafluoroethylene implant product and a manufacturing method thereof. The product has the shape of a nose part, a temple part or a facial jaw part of a part to be implanted. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: 1) determining a product model; 2) opening engraving software on a computer to input a product model drawing; 3) designing the product size in a computer, setting an engraving path, and importing an output file into an engraving machine; 4) turning on a power switch and a computer button on a controller of the engraving machine, after computer self-inspection, adjusting a tool bit rotating speed control knob on the controller, and completing preheating; 5) selecting proper parameter settings according to product characteristics; 6) fixing the raw material sheet to a forming flat plate and placed in a carving machine; 7) adjusting the forming rate of the carving machine, and rotating a hand wheel for rough machining forming and finish machining forming; 8) putting the product into a mold, and separating the base protruding out of the mold from the product; and 9) trimming the edge of the product. According to the formed expanded product, the engraving time can be shortened, and the infection probability can be increased.

An anti-reflux drainage apparatus comprises an anti-reflow device and a drainage device connected with each other, wherein a liquid inlet of a first liquid balloon is connected with a liquid inlet of a second liquid balloon; a liquid outlet of the second liquid balloon is connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid storage barrel; a liquid outlet of the liquid storage barrel is connected with a liquid inlet of a drainage bag; the liquid inlet of the drainage bag and a liquid outlet thereof are provided with switches, respectively. The defect that a current clinical in-vitro drainage apparatus for cerebrospinal fluid is loose is overcome. Thus, the anti-reflux drainage apparatus is more integrated, increase in chances of intracranial infections caused by component connection-caused contamination is avoided, and the apparatus is more airtight.

The invention discloses an entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale and a production method and usages thereof. The entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale is formed by adopting a strain of Pestalotiopsis olivacea to process a culture through primary solid strain culturing, secondary liquid culturing and third solid culturing. The production method thereof comprises the following steps of: 1) the primary solid strain culturing; 2) the secondary liquid culturing; 3) the third solid culturing; 4) naturally drying a semi-finished product in the shade until the water content rate is between 10 and 14 percent; 5) using a cracker to crack and requiring the grain diameters to be between 0.2 and 0.5cm; and 6) packaging. The entomogenous fungi pulvis for controlling pine greedy scale is mainly used for controlling pine greedy scale, and can also be used for controlling Oracella acuta and is suitable for both draught areas and humid areas.

The invention relates to a device for orthopaedics operation, and particularly relates to an aimed positioning system for treating pelvis bone fracture. The aimed positioning system comprises left and right identical I-shaped racks (1), two identical positioners (2), one connecting rod (3), two identical fixing needles (5) and two fixing bolts (6), wherein each positioner comprises a first sleeve(2.1), a second sleeve (2.2) and an arc insert handle, one ends of the first sleeve (2.1) and the second sleeve (2.2) are hinged, and the two I-shaped racks (1) are connected and fixed by the connecting rod (3) to form a rectangular structure. The aimed positioning system for treating pelvis bone fracture provided by the invention has simple structure and convenience in operation.

The invention discloses novel application of hCRF and derivatives thereof in drug production, namely, application of hCRF and derivatives thereof in preparing medicines for treating Guillain Barre syndrome. The effective dose is 1-100 mug / kg weight, preferably 2-10 mug / kg weight. Experiments by the inventor prove that the hCRF and derivatives thereof are highly effective respiratory stimulants, which play an obvious role in improving respiration function of the Guillain Barre syndrome. Compared with the method to assist respiration by a breathing machine, the application of the invention can not only maintain and improve ciliary movement function, reduce respiratory tract sputum retention and atelectasis caused by secretion substance vent clog and reduce chances of increasing respiratory tract infection.

The invention discloses a cyst treating instrument, which comprises a catheter, a puncture needle and a connector. One end of the catheter is a puncture end with a memory function, and the connector is arranged at one end, opposite to the puncture end, of the catheter. After the puncture needle is withdrawn, the puncture end is bent to hook a cyst wall. In cyst treatment, a medical worker insertsthe puncture needle into the catheter to make the catheter and the puncture end linear, then inserts the catheter and the puncture needle into a human body to penetrate into a cyst and finally withdraws the puncture needle. Due to the memory function of the puncture end, the withdrawn puncture needle is bent and capable of hooking the cyst wall to prevent the puncture end from slipping out of thecyst, other tissues are protected from infection of liquid in the cyst, and infection probability increase caused by secondary operation resulted from slipping of the catheter can be avoided.

Provided is a fixed-quantity infusion device for nasogastric tube feeding. The fixed-quantity infusion device comprises an injector and an infusion device body, wherein the injector is provided with a piston rod. The injector is placed in a fixed groove of the infusion device body, a fixed-quantity control device is arranged on a push rod of the infusion device body, and a fixed-quantity adjusting device composed of an L-shaped limiting hook and an L-shaped limiting rod or a fixed-quantity adjusting device composed of a wedge-shaped sliding block, a threaded rod and nuts is arranged on one face, facing towards a trigger, of a handle of the infusion device body. The simplified structure can be obtained by adding scales on the push rod and removing the fixed-quantity adjusting device. The fixed-quantity infusion device is simple in structure, convenient to use and especially suitable for nasogastric tube feeding at home or nasogastric tube feeding of self-made homogenate, and fixed-quantity infusion can be achieved; the fixed-quantity infusion device can play a filtration role, avoid pipe blockage, reduce link contamination and avoid the opportunity of increasing intestinal infection; the tail end of the infusion device is connected with an outer pipe through the handle, the phenomenon that a joint falls off in the process of operation can be avoided, and the fixed-quantity infusion device is clean, economical and convenient to use.

The invention belongs to the technical field of child nursing, and particularly relates to a child outgoing safety nursing device. The device comprises a nursing layer; the nursing layer is designed to be rectangular; hanging belts are arranged in the inner walls of the two sides of the nursing layer, and the hanging belts are made of elastic materials; a breathing cavity is formed in the surfaceof the nursing layer, and the breathing cavity is designed to be triangular; a permeable layer is fixedly connected into the inner wall of the breathing cavity and is made of a breathable non-woven fabric material; the device is mainly used for solving the problems that due to poor self-control ability of children, it cannot be guaranteed that the children are in the mask wearing state for a longtime, the safety of the children is affected, some child masks on the market still have differences according to different face shapes of the children, and if the masks cannot make contact with face skin when the children wear the masks, the children feel uncomfortable. Meanwhile, the height of the child is small, and if an adult with the body located at the high position sneezes, body fluid sprayed out of the nasal cavity can fall on the face of the child, so that potential safety hazards of the child are increased.

The invention discloses an in-vitro bulk tissue segmentation and collection device under an endoscope, and belongs to the field of surgical instruments, the device comprises a telescopic baffle, a hollow pipeline, a handle, a driving component, a negative pressure component and a collection box, the telescopic baffle is arranged at the front end of the hollow pipeline, the collection box is detachably arranged at the tail end of the hollow pipeline, the handle is arranged on one side of the hollow pipeline, and the driving component is arranged on the other side of the hollow pipeline. The driving component and the negative pressure component are arranged in the handle, the driving component is connected with the telescopic baffle, a cutting blade is arranged at the front end of the hollow pipeline, and the air suction end of the negative pressure component is communicated with the collecting box. The telescopic baffle is driven by the driving component to be attached to the cutting blade, large tissue blocks are rapidly cut into small cylindrical blocks, meanwhile, the small tissue blocks can be collected into the collecting box in a centralized mode after passing through the hollow pipeline, collection is convenient, through the cutting mode that the telescopic baffle is attached to the cutting blade, wounds of a patient are not obviously increased, the operation time can be shortened, and the operation efficiency is improved. And the increased infection probability caused by wound enlargement is avoided.

The invention relates to a medical irrigating tube, in particular to a self-control pulse irrigating tube, which comprises a drainage tube. A filling-end pluggable joint and a drainage-end pluggable joint are respectively mounted at two ends of the drainage tube through adjustable valves, side through holes spirally arranged on the wall of the drainage tube, an elastic balloon is connected to the filling-end pluggable joint in series, and the diameters of the side through holes are reduced sequentially from the filling-end pluggable joint to the drainage-end pluggable joint. Compared with the prior art, the self-control pulse irrigating tube has the advantages that high negative pressure is formed in the irrigating tube by the elastic balloon within a short time and irrigates blood clots or fall-off tissues which are attached to block the side through holes of the drainage tube under the negative pressure action; since the diameters of the side through holes are reduced sequentially from the filling-end pluggable joint to the drainage-end pluggable joint, irrigation solution is easy to flow to a focus region due to the fact that the side through holes close to the filling end are larger, and larger blood clots and necrotic fall-off tissue are not easy to be sucked to cause blockage due to the fact that the side through holes close to the drainage end are smaller when the irrigating tube is used for irrigating under normal pressure.