The invention provides a special-shaped vertebral body expansion balloon catheter, which relates to a surgical instrument used for treating compression fracture of the vertebral body and comprises a special-shaped expandable balloon, an inner catheter, an outer catheter, a Y-shaped handle, a development mark, a support wire and a support wire handle, wherein the inner catheter is arranged and inserted in the outer catheter, the back part of the outer catheter is arranged and inserted into the Y-shaped handle in a sealed way, the special-shaped expandable balloon is arranged at the front part of the outer catheter in a sealed way, the development mark is arranged in a position of the inner catheter positioned inside the special-shaped expandable balloon, the support wire is formed in the support wire handle through injection molding, is inserted and arranged in the inner catheter through the Y-shaped handle, and is used for supporting, and the inner catheter is prevented from deforming. The special-shaped expandable balloon consists of an expandable balloon and reinforcing ribs made of fiber, and the reinforcing ribs are formed inside the expandable balloon through injection molding. The reinforcing ribs of the special-shaped expandable balloon adopt carbon fiber, macromolecular polyethylene fiber, memory array wires or plastic nylon materials.