101results about How to "Minimum error" patented technology

This invention relates to apparatus, methods, processor control code and signals for channel estimation in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed) communication systems with a plurality of transmitter antennas, such as MIMO (Multiple-input Multiple-output) OFDM systems. An OFDM signal is transmitted from an OFDM transmitter using a plurality of transmit antennas. The OFDM signal is adapted for channel estimation for channels associated with said transmit antennas by the inclusion of orthogonal training sequence data in the signal from each said antenna. The said training sequence data is derived from substantially orthogonal training sequences of length K for each said transmit antenna, said orthogonal training sequences being constructed such that a minimum required sequence length K needed to determine a channel estimate for at least one channel associated with each said transmit antenna is linearly dependent upon the number of said transmit antennas.

System for pulse-width-modulated class D audio amplifiers. In one preferred embodiment an adder is described to generate a difference signal responsive to an input signal and a feedback signal, a pulse-width-modulator coupled to the adder to compare the difference signal to a reference signal and produce a pulse-width-modulated signal based on the comparing, a filter coupled to an output of the pulse-width-modulator, and a loop filter having a first input coupled to the output of the filter and a second input coupled to the input of the filter, the loop filter to generate a feedback signal by applying transfer functions to signals at its inputs. The loop transfer function of the amplifier is minimum aliasing error transfer function. The minimum aliasing error properties provide low distortion and taking the feedback from the output of the filter reduces high frequency output impedance.

Small implantable magnetostrictive-electroactive (ME) device for delivering electrical energy to surrounding tissue. The wireless ME device is activated by a changing magnetic field from an externally applied alternating magnetic field source. The ME device provides a means for stimulating a nerve, tissue or internal organ with direct electrical current, such as relatively low-level direct current for temporary or as needed therapy. The field source (e.g. small coil antenna) may be a hand-held device or affixed to the wearer's skin, clothing or accessories. The ME implant may be configured as pellets which are small enough to be implanted through a surgical needle. In one embodiment, the wireless energy transmission system can be used for stimulating bone growth.

Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for reducing image noise with the use of a minimal error spatiotemporal recursive filter. An input image is filtered both temporally and spatially, producing a temporal output and a spatial output. Both the temporal output and the spatial output are correlated with the input image to produce a temporal correlation output and a spatial correlation output. The temporal correlation output and the spatial correlation output are mixed to generate a selecting signal. The selecting signal directly or indirectly determines the composition. of an output image. The selecting signal may select a portion of the temporal output and a portion of the spatial output to compose an output image. Alternatively, the selecting signal may select either the temporal output or the spatial output to compose an output image.

A motion detection device includes a feature extracting section 2 extracting a feature area of an object from among frame images clipped by an image pickup section 1, a feature standardizing section 3 standardizing a size of a feature area extracted by the feature extracting section 2, a balloting section 4 counting up a ballot value of an image area on a frame image located in a standardized pattern that is standardized by the feature standardizing section 3, and a shift speed detecting section 5 calculating a gradient of a counted-up ballot value and calculating a shift direction, a shift speed and position of a feature area based on the gradient.

To provide a rendering program, a rendering apparatus, and a rendering method, which are capable of displaying a sterical model surface using a fabric in which the real feel of material is reproduced. A reflection property measurement device 10 receives reflected light of an actual yarn T2 and measures a reflection property representing the energy of the reflected light of the yarn T2. A correction portion 106 calculates a specular reflection coefficient K_s, a glossiness coefficient p, and first and second diffuse reflection coefficients K_d1, K_d2 by using parameter fitting so that the error between the reflection property of the actual yarn and the energy of the reflected light obtained from a reflection function becomes minimum. A rendering portion 107 renders the sterical model by using the reflection function in which the coefficients are calculated and a texture which is the model of a fabric subjected to a napping treatment.

The 3-D reconstitution demarcating method for two pick-up cameras includes: (1) turn on the two pick-up cameras to obtain at same time a series of images about demarcating object points and adopts traditional single-pick-up-camera demarcation method to respectively demarcate the two pick-up cameras; (2) use the central point of the common perpendicular of the two pick-up-cameras' sight lines as the space object point of 3-D reconstitution to build a 3-D reconstitution algebra expression and use the minimum 3-D reconstitution error of the object point as aim function and use the internal and the external parameters obtained from the previous step as primary value to resolve through interation to demarcate the relative positions of the two pick-up cameras. Numerically resolve the solid demarcation model set up by the step 2 to complete the demarcation course of the two pick-up cameras. Advantage: accurate demarcation and minimum error.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to devices, systems and methods for increasing the accuracy of delivery of a fluid/drug in a fluid/drug delivery device/system. In some embodiments, a fluid infusion device is provided for delivering a drug into the body of a user, and includes at least one housing, a reservoir, a plunger and a drive-screw, where the drive-screw includes a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to operatively connect to the plunger. The device may further include a driving mechanism comprising at least a motor and one or more gears, where the one or more gears include a rotating sleeve configured for engagement with the second end of the drive-screw, a controller for at least controlling operation of the driving mechanism, and a support casing configured to substantially support the rotating sleeve and enable substantially free rotation of the rotating sleeve therein.

An OB level difference is calculated from the luminance signal levels of at least two frames which are exposed for proper exposure time and for exposure time different from the proper exposure time, and the OB level difference is corrected in an input step of a signal processing circuit. Calculation of the OB level difference is performed regularly from immediately after power on of the equipment, the OB level difference obtained in each frame is multiplied, and a value obtained by dividing the multiplied OB level difference by the number of sampled frames is designated as a correction value.

JPEG encoded data are entropy-decoded to quantized DCT coefficients which are sent to a prediction tap extraction circuit (41) and to a class tap extraction circuit (42). The prediction tap extraction circuit (41) and the class tap extraction circuit (42) extract what is needed from the quantized DCT coefficients to form prediction taps and class taps. A classification circuit (43) effects classification based on the class taps. A coefficient table storage unit (44) sends tap coefficients corresponding to the classes resulting from the classification to a sum of products circuit (45), which sum of products circuit (45) then effects linear predictive calculations, using the tap coefficients and the class taps, to generate decoded picture data.

A method determines tap coefficients of a phase interpolation finite impulse response (FIR) filter with respect to a digital-signal phase-locked loop processing apparatus including an A/D converter receiving a reproduced signal serving as digital data and sampling the received reproduced signal at a frequency higher than a data rate frequency and a PLL portion performing phase locking of the reproduced signal by filtering the sampled reproduced signal obtained by the A/D converter using the phase interpolation FIR filter and outputting a data sequence of the phase-locked reproduced signal. The method includes providing an adaptive equalization FIR filter at the data rate frequency at a stage subsequent to the PLL portion and determining the tap coefficients of the phase interpolation FIR filter using, as estimated values, FIR filter tap coefficients of the adaptive equalization FIR filter, which are converged so as to achieve a minimum mean square error.

A precision tool holder for precisely positioning a single point cutting tool on 4-axis lathe, such that the center of the radius of the tool nose is aligned with the B-axis of the machine tool, so as to facilitate the machining of precision meso-scale components with complex three-dimensional shapes with sub-μm accuracy on a four-axis lathe. The device is designed to fit on a commercial diamond turning machine and can adjust the cutting tool position in three orthogonal directions with sub-micrometer resolution. In particular, the tool holder adjusts the tool position using three flexure-based mechanisms, with two flexure mechanisms adjusting the lateral position of the tool to align the tool with the B-axis, and a third flexure mechanism adjusting the height of the tool. Preferably, the flexures are driven by manual micrometer adjusters. In this manner, this tool holder simplifies the process of setting a tool with sub-μm accuracy, to substantially reduce the time required to set the tool.

The invention disclosed relates to the field of requirement specification in application development. This invention provides a system for business process automation which can generate an executable optimized requirements set by capturing the requirements from the users and processing them to create prototypes. Feedback is obtained from external users on the played prototypes to correct and enhance the requirements to obtain an optimized, complete, correct and consistent requirements set. This helps in the successful development of business application with minimal errors in a very short time.

A method of computing an inversion (X) of a nearly Toeplitz n by n matrix (A). A perturbation matrix (E) is first determined such that the sum of the nearly Toeplitz matrix (A) and the perturbation matrix (E) is a Toeplitz matrix (T). The inversion is then solved for by solving the equation X=T⁻¹(B+EX), where B is a vector or matrix of dimension n by m. The equation is solved by selecting an initial estimate X⁽⁰⁾; and iteratively computing estimates of the inversion X through the recursion X⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾=T⁻¹(B+EX⁽ⁿ⁾). The initial estimate X⁽⁰⁾ may be equal to an inversion (T⁻¹) of the Toeplitz matrix (T). In specific embodiments, the present invention may be utilized in a radio receiver to efficiently compute (1) a least-squares (LS) channel estimate, (2) minimum mean squared error (MMSE) prefilter coefficients for a decision feedback equalizer (DFE), or (3) an autoregressive (AR) noise-spectrum estimation from a finite number of observed noise samples.

A system and method for estimating the a priori probability of a class-of-interest in an input-data-set and a system and method for evaluating the performance of the adaptive Bayes classifier in classifying unlabeled samples from an input-put-data-set. The adaptive Bayes classifier provides a capability to classify data into two classes, a class-of-interest or a class-other, with minimum classification error in an environment where a priori knowledge, through training samples or otherwise, is only available for a single class, the class-of-interest. This invention provides a method and system for estimating the a priori probability of the class-of-interest in the data set to be classified and evaluating adaptive Bayes classifier performance in classifying data into two classes, a class-of-interest and a class-other, using only labeled training samples, or otherwise, from the class-of-interest and unlabeled samples from the data set to be classified.

An optical packet switching apparatus includes an optical coupler for branching off a received optical packet signal, an optical switch unit for switching the route of one of the branched-off optical packet signals so as to be outputted, and an optical switch control unit for controlling the optical switch unit. The optical switch control unit includes an optical-to-electrical conversion unit for converting the other of the branched-off optical packet signals into an electrical packet signal, a serial/parallel conversion unit capacitively coupled to the optical-to-electrical conversion unit, a packet density detector for detecting the packet density of the received packet signal, and a DC offset adjustment unit for adjusting the DC offset voltage of the packet signal, inputted to the serial/parallel conversion unit, according to the packet density information detected by the packet density detector.

One embodiment of an apparatus for filtering an electrical signal includes a loop filter with an input and an output that applies a transfer function to a signal at the input. The transfer function has substantially no real part. The loop filter has a dominant pole placed substantially at or above an upper frequency in the frequency range of interest for the loop filter.

Techniques for non-linear modeling of a physical system are provided using direct optimization of look-up table values. A non-linear system with memory is modeled by obtaining physical data for the non-linear system by applying a set of input samples x(n) to the non-linear system and measuring an output y(n) of the non-linear system; directly computing parameters Φ of a memory model for the non-linear system from the physical data, wherein the memory model comprises one or more look-up tables having linear interpolation and wherein the parameters Φ produce a substantially minimum mean square error; and providing the parameters Φ for storage as entries in the one or more look-up tables. The mean square error can be determined, for example, using one or more of a least squares algorithm, a least mean square algorithm and a recursive least squares algorithm. The look-up tables are optionally used in a processor instruction to implement digital pre-distortion.