The invention belongs to the technical field of anesthesia, and discloses an ether anesthesia system for a laboratory animal and an operating method of the system. The ether anesthesia system for thelaboratory animal comprises a video monitoring module, an electroencephalogram collecting module, a central control module, an electroencephalogram processing module, a metering module, an oxygen supply module, an anesthesia module, a special database module and a display module. Through the electroencephalogram processing module, a self-adaptation fuzzy logic reasoning algorithm is adopted, dataof low-frequency waves, high-frequency waves and BFI in different anesthesia states is trained, and the method has a great resolution capability; the method can automatically display different anesthesia depths, and other nonlinear interference is avoided; meanwhile, through the metering module, the dosage of gaseous anaesthetic in the whole anesthesia process can be precisely calculated, errors caused by manual calculation are avoided, and the accuracy and precision of the dosage calculation result of the liquid anaesthetic are effectively improved.