The invention relates to a safety laser welding device with a smoke treatment function. The device comprises a worktable, a top plate, a connecting column, a welding head and two supporting columns, and further comprises a protection mechanism and two purifying mechanisms, the protection mechanism comprises a protection cover, a limiting assembly and two lifting assemblies, each lifting assembly comprises a first motor, a fixed block, a gear and a rack, and each purifying mechanism comprises a connecting box, a purifying box, a filter net, a suction nozzle, a hose, a connecting pipe, a piston,a driving assembly, a connecting assembly, a cleaning assembly and two waste boxes. According to the safety laser welding device with the smoke treatment function, through the protection mechanism, the sheltering function of the welding head is achieved, sparks generated during welding can be prevented from being splashed to a body of a user, device safety is improved, through the purifying mechanisms, the smoke purifying function is achieved, the smoke is prevented from being directly released into atmosphere, the surrounding air environment is not affected, and the device environment friendliness is improved.