A soil sampling device for agricultural detection comprises a rack device, a lifting device and a soil sampling device, the rack device comprises a rack, a lead screw, a hand wheel and universal wheels, and the lifting device comprises a lifting frame, a gear shaft, a moving block, a push rod, a moving rod, a chain wheel shaft, a motor, a motor base, a chain and a chain wheel. The soil taking device comprises a soil taking frame, a soil cutting rotary disc, a rotary cup, a rotary disc, a sealing plate, a rotary motor, a motor gear, a pin, a positioning block and a rack, a middle groove is formed in the middle of the rack device, a stand column is arranged on the upper portion of a rack, a stand column sliding groove is formed in the middle of the stand column, two coaxial lead screw holes are formed in the left side of the stand column, and lead screws are rotationally connected with the lead screw holes and rotate in the lead screw holes. The hand wheel is fixedly connected to the upper parts of the lead screws and the four universal wheels are fixedly connected to the lower part of the rack device. A lifting frame sliding groove is formed in the middle of the lifting frame, a lifting frame sliding block is arranged on the rear side of the lifting frame sliding groove, a nut hole is formed in the left side of the lifting frame sliding groove, and an upper transverse plate and a lower transverse plate are arranged on the side face of the lifting frame.