The invention discloses a fast robust sparse Bayesian image
reconstruction method based on generalized approximate
message passing. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting an image
data set; s2, setting the pixel sizes of all the images; s3, performing sparse preprocessing on each image; s4, establishing a sparse Bayesian model; s5, calculating a likelihood function, prior distribution of a
sparse coefficient x and a marginal likelihood function; s6, calculating the posterior density of x according to the Bayesian theorem; s7, calculating a cost function; s8, iteratively updating the hyper-parameters by adopting a block
coordinate descent method; s9, introducing a generalized approximate
message passing algorithm to update a mean value and a variance; s10, introducing a
damping factor to enhance convergence; s11, judging whether an iteration termination condition is met or not, if yes, outputting posteriori
estimation of x, and if not, executing the step S8; and S12, performing inverse
wavelet transform on the output x to obtain a reconstructed image. According to the method, reconstruction can be completed in a short time, the
reconstruction error is low, and better reconstruction precision and reconstruction efficiency are achieved.