The invention discloses a virtual instrument bus type multifunctional maintenance test device, which comprises a computer, a control bus, a virtual instrument box, a cable and a tested element, wherein the control bus is connected between the computer and the virtual instrument box, the cable is connected between the virtual instrument box and the tested element, a virtual panel used for repairing and testing the tested element is arranged in the computer, a discrete quantity module, a small current switch, a large current switch, a switching quantity module and a data collection card are arranged in the virtual instrument box, a test hole panel is arranged on the cable, and is used for introducing out signals of the tested elements to be manually detected, and both ends of the cable are connected with connecting insertion elements. The test device adopts few elements, and has stable performance and convenient use, the cost is between the cost of a traditional electronic test table and the cost of an advanced integrated ATE test table, and the invention can be easily popularized.