The invention relates to a serum marker for diagnosing intracranial aneurysm and a serum marker for predicting rupture potential of intracranial aneurysm. The serum marker for diagnosing intracranial aneurysm is selected from one or more of the following protein factors: PRTN3, CTSG, PDLIM1, MMP9, IGKV3-20, MPO, PROC, LTF, FGA, FGB, PPBP or SERPINA1. The serum marker for predicting the rupture potential of the intracranial aneurysm is selected from one or more of the following protein factors: SAA1, LRG1, FGL1, PTGDS, COMP, IGKV4-1, APOA4, FGA, FGB and FGG. Compared with the prior art, the serum marker for diagnosing the intracranial aneurysm and the serum marker for predicting rupture of the intracranial aneurysm are screened by applying a PRM mass spectrum technology based on an Orbitrap Explores 480 mass spectrometer and a bioinformatics method, so that a new thought is provided for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the intracranial aneurysm; and high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy are achieved. In addition, the protein mass spectrum technology can be perfected and improved, and the inspection cost is reduced, so that the serum marker is enabled to be more suitable for clinical application of precision medicine.