The application provides an engineered
exosome loaded with a CD63
transmembrane domain-
matrix metalloproteinase fusion protein and a preparation method and application thereof. The engineered
exosome is secreted by a
genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cell, has a CD63 derived
transmembrane domain anchored on the membrane, and has a
matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) loaded on the inner side of the membrane. The
fusion protein comprises, from N-terminus to C-terminus, a fourth
transmembrane domain and a C-terminal cytoplasmic
tail of a human CD63
protein, a flexible
linker peptide, and a human MMP without a natural
signal peptide. The application realizes efficient and directional loading of MMPs by using a natural biological generation path of the
exosome, shields the inhibition of MMPs by
metalloproteinase tissue inhibitors in a
scar tissue by using the membrane of the exosome, realizes specific activation of MMPs in a target
cell, degrades abnormally deposited collagen, adjusts the ratio of type I and type III collagens, and plays an anti-
fibrosis and anti-scar formation role. The application also provides a preparation method of the engineered exosome and application thereof in preparation of a
medicine for preventing or treating
pathological scars.