The invention provides a preparation method of a dust-free high-performance heat insulation board, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an A-layer
skin barrier film, and forming an elastic barrier film through
coating and curing; secondly, preparing a C-layer backing reinforced prefabricated body, and compounding a
fiber reinforced base material and a hot melting bonding component by utilizing a
hot pressing technology; then, preparing a B-layer heat insulation core layer, compounding ZrO2 particles through
aerogel matrix synthesis and functionalization treatment to improve the
radiation scattering capability, and realizing a self-repairing function through an
epoxy / anhydride reaction pair; and finally, assembling the three
layers in a laminating manner and performing hot-pressing composite molding. According to the method, an
aerogel matrix is compounded with ZrO2 particles, so that the heat
conductivity is effectively reduced, the heat insulation performance is improved, and the material is endowed with good
radiation isolation capability and a self-repairing function. The heat insulation plate is obviously superior to a traditional heat insulation material, has high long-term stability and reliability and is suitable for the field of high-temperature equipment with strict requirements.